pg_bitcoin_address

This is a PostgreSQL extension that provides functions for encoding and decoding Base58Check and Bech32/Bech32m as well as user-defined base types to hold Base58Check-encoded data and Bitcoin addresses. The upshot is that you can insert and select human-readable native SegWit addresses and legacy Bitcoin addresses and Base58Check-encoded strings, while PostgreSQL stores the raw bytes to save space and improve performance. You get input validation “for free” when you use the base types in your tables.

Prerequisites

This extension depends on libbase58check and libbech32 (v1.1 or newer).

Building

You need pkg-config and PostgreSQL installed. Then building and installing this extension is simply make and make install.

Instantiating

You can instantiate the extension in your default schema:

=> CREATE EXTENSION pg_bitcoin_address;
CREATE EXTENSION

Or you can create a dedicated schema to host the extension:

=> CREATE SCHEMA bitcoin_address;
CREATE SCHEMA

=> CREATE EXTENSION pg_bitcoin_address WITH SCHEMA bitcoin_address;
CREATE EXTENSION

=> SET search_path TO public, bitcoin_address;
SET

Functions

Base58Check encoding/decoding

base58check_encode(bytea) → text
Encodes a binary string using Base58Check.
- base58check_encode('\x123456'::bytea) → h1iFS7nKb
base58check_decode(text) → bytea
Decodes a Base58Check encoding into a binary string.
- base58check_decode('h1iFS7nKb') → \x123456

Bech32/Bech32m encoding/decoding

bech32_encode(hrp text, bit varying) → text
Encodes a bit string using Bech32 with the given human-readable prefix. The bit string will be padded on the right with 0 bits as necessary to bring its length up to a whole multiple of 5 bits.
- bech32_encode('bc', B'101010') → bc14qv6z84v
bech32m_encode(hrp text, bit varying) → text
Encodes a bit string using Bech32m with the given human-readable prefix. The bit string will be padded on the right with 0 bits as necessary to bring its length up to a whole multiple of 5 bits.
- bech32m_encode('bc', B'101010') → bc14qexjtsw
bech32_decode(text) → bit varying
Decodes a Bech32 encoding into a bit string, whose length will always be a whole multiple of 5 bits.
- bech32_decode('bc14qv6z84v') → 1010100000
bech32m_decode(text) → bit varying
Decodes a Bech32m encoding into a bit string, whose length will always be a whole multiple of 5 bits.
- bech32m_decode('bc14qexjtsw') → 1010100000
bech32_hrp(text) → text
Returns the human-readable prefix of the given Bech32/Bech32m encoding.
- bech32_hrp('bc14qexjtsw') → bc

Blech32/Blech32m encoding/decoding

blech32_encode(hrp text, bit varying) → text
Encodes a bit string using Blech32 with the given human-readable prefix. The bit string will be padded on the right with 0 bits as necessary to bring its length up to a whole multiple of 5 bits.
- blech32_encode('lq', B'101010') → lq14qxuf0m39n9uqc
blech32m_encode(hrp text, bit varying) → text
Encodes a bit string using Blech32m with the given human-readable prefix. The bit string will be padded on the right with 0 bits as necessary to bring its length up to a whole multiple of 5 bits.
- blech32m_encode('lq', B'101010') → lq14qwf9c7euxypac
blech32_decode(text) → bit varying
Decodes a Blech32 encoding into a bit string, whose length will always be a whole multiple of 5 bits.
- blech32_decode('lq14qxuf0m39n9uqc') → 1010100000
blech32m_decode(text) → bit varying
Decodes a Blech32m encoding into a bit string, whose length will always be a whole multiple of 5 bits.
- blech32m_decode('lq14qwf9c7euxypac') → 1010100000
blech32_hrp(text) → text
Returns the human-readable prefix of the given Blech32/Blech32m encoding.
- blech32_hrp('lq14qwf9c7euxypac') → lq

Bitcoin addresses

bitcoin_address(hrp text, version integer, program bytea, blech boolean = NULL) → bitcoin_address
Constructs a bitcoin_address from the given human-readable prefix, version, and program. If hrp is null, then blech is ignored, and the address will be a legacy address constructed by prepending version (as a byte) to program, and the resulting address will use Base58Check encoding when presented textually. If hrp is not null, then the address will be a native SegWit address having version as its witness version and program as its witness program, and the resulting address will use Bech32, Bech32m, Blech32, or Blech32m encoding (depending on the witness version and blech) when presented textually. If blech is null, which is the default, then the resulting address will use Bech32/Bech32m encoding when presented textually if program does not exceed 40 bytes in size, or else the address will use Blech32/Blech32m encoding.
- bitcoin_address(NULL, 0, '\x759d6677091e973b9e9d99f19c68fbf43e3f05f9'::bytea) → 1BitcoinEaterAddressDontSendf59kuE
- bitcoin_address(NULL, 5, '\x759d6677091e973b9e9d99f19c68fbf43e3f05f9'::bytea) → 3CQuYMDDnVD2wLL4ykYTeS9pbB5MCgiYUV
- bitcoin_address('bc', 2, '\x751e76e8199196d454941c45d1b3a323'::bytea) → bc1zw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvaryvaxxpcs
- bitcoin_address('bc', 16, '\x751e'::bytea) → bc1sw50qgdz25j
- bitcoin_address('ex', 16, '\x751e'::bytea, TRUE) → ex1sw50qdytsqj57qsru
is_segwit(bitcoin_address) → boolean
Returns whether the given Bitcoin address is a native SegWit address.
is_blech32(bitcoin_address) → boolean
Returns whether the given Bitcoin address will use Blech32/Blech32m encoding when presented textually. Returns false if the given address is not a native SegWit address.
hrp(bitcoin_address) → text
Returns the human-readable prefix of a native SegWit address. Returns null if the given address is not a native SegWit address.
version(bitcoin_address) → integer
Returns the version of the given Bitcoin address, which is either the version byte of a legacy address or the witness version of a native SegWit address.
program(bitcoin_address) → bytea
Returns the program of the given Bitcoin address, which is either the bytes following the version byte of a legacy address or the witness program of a native SegWit address.
- program('1BitcoinEaterAddressDontSendf59kuE'::bitcoin_address) → \x759d6677091e973b9e9d99f19c68fbf43e3f05f9
- program('3CQuYMDDnVD2wLL4ykYTeS9pbB5MCgiYUV'::bitcoin_address) → \x759d6677091e973b9e9d99f19c68fbf43e3f05f9
- program('bc1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kv8f3t4'::bitcoin_address) → \x751e76e8199196d454941c45d1b3a323f1433bd6
- program('bc1sw50qgdz25j'::bitcoin_address) → \x751e
- program('ex1sw50qdytsqj57qsru'::bitcoin_address) → \x751e
program_size(bitcoin_address) → integer
Returns the size (in bytes) of the program of the given Bitcoin address. A call to this function is more efficient than the numerically equivalent expression length(program(the_address)) because no copy of the program data is made.
is_mainnet(bitcoin_address) → boolean
Returns whether the given Bitcoin address is a Mainnet address.
is_testnet(bitcoin_address) → boolean
Returns whether the given Bitcoin address is a Testnet address.
is_liquidv1(bitcoin_address) → boolean
Returns whether the given Bitcoin address is a Liquid v1 address.
is_liquidtestnet(bitcoin_address) → boolean
Returns whether the given Bitcoin address is a Liquid Testnet address.
is_p2pkh(bitcoin_address) → boolean
Returns whether the given Bitcoin address is a pay-to-public-key-hash (P2PKH) address.
is_p2sh(bitcoin_address) → boolean
Returns whether the given Bitcoin address is a pay-to-script-hash (P2SH) address.
is_p2wpkh(bitcoin_address) → boolean
Returns whether the given Bitcoin address is a pay-to-witness-public-key-hash (P2WPKH) address.
is_p2wsh(bitcoin_address) → boolean
Returns whether the given Bitcoin address is a pay-to-witness-script-hash (P2WSH) address.
is_p2tr(bitcoin_address) → boolean
Returns whether the given Bitcoin address is a pay-to-taproot (P2TR) address.
is_blinding(bitcoin_address) → boolean
Returns whether the given Bitcoin address is a P2WPKH, P2WSH, or P2TR address that holds a blinding public key.
- is_blinding('ex1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kxw5fx4'::bitcoin_address) → f
- is_blinding('lq1qqfumuen7l8wthtz45p3ftn58pvrs9xlumvkuu2xet8egzkcklqtesag7wm5pnyvk632fg8z96xe6xgl3gvaavrxls8dj42vva'::bitcoin_address) → t

Types

`base58check`

The base58check type holds a binary string exactly like a bytea but presents it in Base58Check.

=> SELECT 'h1iFS7nKb'::base58check::bytea;
bytea | \x123456

=> SELECT '\x123456'::bytea::base58check;
base58check | h1iFS7nKb

=> SELECT pg_column_size('h1iFS7nKb'::text);
pg_column_size | 13

=> SELECT pg_column_size('h1iFS7nKb'::base58check);
pg_column_size | 7

=> SELECT pg_column_size('\x123456'::bytea);
pg_column_size | 7

`bitcoin_address`

The bitcoin_address type holds either a legacy Bitcoin address or a native SegWit address. It stores the bytes of the address in raw binary format and only encodes to Base58Check or Bech32/Bech32m for presentation.

=> SELECT pg_column_size('1BitcoinEaterAddressDontSendf59kuE'::text);
pg_column_size | 38

=> SELECT pg_column_size('1BitcoinEaterAddressDontSendf59kuE'::bitcoin_address);
pg_column_size | 26

=> SELECT pg_column_size('bc1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kv8f3t4'::text);
pg_column_size | 46

=> SELECT pg_column_size('bc1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kv8f3t4'::bitcoin_address);
pg_column_size | 26

Domains

`mainnet_address`

A mainnet_address is a bitcoin_address that is constrained such that passing it to is_mainnet must return true.

=> SELECT '1BitcoinEaterAddressDontSendf59kuE'::mainnet_address;
mainnet_address | 1BitcoinEaterAddressDontSendf59kuE

=> SELECT '3CQuYMDDnVD2wLL4ykYTeS9pbB5MCgiYUV'::mainnet_address;
mainnet_address | 3CQuYMDDnVD2wLL4ykYTeS9pbB5MCgiYUV

=> SELECT 'bc1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kv8f3t4'::mainnet_address;
mainnet_address | bc1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kv8f3t4

=> SELECT 'bc1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3qccfmv3'::mainnet_address;
mainnet_address | bc1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3qccfmv3

=> SELECT 'mrEqurom3cKudH7FaDrF3j1DJePLcjAU3m'::mainnet_address;
ERROR:  value for domain mainnet_address violates check constraint "mainnet_address_check"

=> SELECT 'tb1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kxpjzsx'::mainnet_address;
ERROR:  value for domain mainnet_address violates check constraint "mainnet_address_check"

`testnet_address`

A testnet_address is a bitcoin_address that is constrained such that passing it to is_testnet must return true.

=> SELECT 'mrEqurom3cKudH7FaDrF3j1DJePLcjAU3m'::testnet_address;
testnet_address | mrEqurom3cKudH7FaDrF3j1DJePLcjAU3m

=> SELECT '2N3y7c69FPwiP97xcetALGP95oXHWzPNHEk'::testnet_address;
testnet_address | 2N3y7c69FPwiP97xcetALGP95oXHWzPNHEk

=> SELECT 'tb1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kxpjzsx'::testnet_address;
testnet_address | tb1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kxpjzsx

=> SELECT 'tb1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3q0sl5k7'::testnet_address;
testnet_address | tb1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3q0sl5k7

=> SELECT '1BitcoinEaterAddressDontSendf59kuE'::testnet_address;
ERROR:  value for domain testnet_address violates check constraint "testnet_address_check"

=> SELECT 'bc1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kv8f3t4'::testnet_address;
ERROR:  value for domain testnet_address violates check constraint "testnet_address_check"

`liquidv1_address`

A liquidv1_address is a bitcoin_address that is constrained such that passing it to is_liquidv1 must return true.

=> SELECT 'Q7zGjziChsJbTsaaFZs2rxJjKQUQFMmZro'::liquidv1_address;
liquidv1_address | Q7zGjziChsJbTsaaFZs2rxJjKQUQFMmZro

=> SELECT 'GsuR23M1vcxpk551p1sJ8hQZzKqRPAD7Xg'::liquidv1_address;
liquidv1_address | GsuR23M1vcxpk551p1sJ8hQZzKqRPAD7Xg

=> SELECT 'ex1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kxw5fx4'::liquidv1_address;
liquidv1_address | ex1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kxw5fx4

=> SELECT 'ex1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3qyhzwvh'::liquidv1_address;
liquidv1_address | ex1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3qyhzwvh

=> SELECT 'VTpwKsrwasw7VnNf4GHMmcjNY3MR2Q81GaxDv7EyhVS8rzj5exX5b5PF6g29Szb4jrMqKSUwP2ZGnXt4'::liquidv1_address;
liquidv1_address | VTpwKsrwasw7VnNf4GHMmcjNY3MR2Q81GaxDv7EyhVS8rzj5exX5b5PF6g29Szb4jrMqKSUwP2ZGnXt4

=> SELECT 'VJL8r24A8tovW2f1hmFsHNXPTqBU1rp77hFp7wwj6pkkEboD342pHBXnk5gGLs8qcfjoFGNzwjy7pUPP'::liquidv1_address;
liquidv1_address | VJL8r24A8tovW2f1hmFsHNXPTqBU1rp77hFp7wwj6pkkEboD342pHBXnk5gGLs8qcfjoFGNzwjy7pUPP

=> SELECT 'lq1qqfumuen7l8wthtz45p3ftn58pvrs9xlumvkuu2xet8egzkcklqtesag7wm5pnyvk632fg8z96xe6xgl3gvaavrxls8dj42vva'::liquidv1_address;
liquidv1_address | lq1qqfumuen7l8wthtz45p3ftn58pvrs9xlumvkuu2xet8egzkcklqtesag7wm5pnyvk632fg8z96xe6xgl3gvaavrxls8dj42vva

=> SELECT 'lq1qqfumuen7l8wthtz45p3ftn58pvrs9xlumvkuu2xet8egzkcklqtesxrrzs7pf3gkdqzt6xfqxdtd5ymvnpt83n2dy7sm333jjczfqvnzcx8h7fmg9mlp'::liquidv1_address;
liquidv1_address | lq1qqfumuen7l8wthtz45p3ftn58pvrs9xlumvkuu2xet8egzkcklqtesxrrzs7pf3gkdqzt6xfqxdtd5ymvnpt83n2dy7sm333jjczfqvnzcx8h7fmg9mlp

=> SELECT '1BitcoinEaterAddressDontSendf59kuE'::liquidv1_address;
ERROR:  value for domain liquidv1_address violates check constraint "liquidv1_address_check"

=> SELECT 'Fftc4iT9o5aCHmekjksLgKbD6p4bJQutkw'::liquidv1_address;
ERROR:  value for domain liquidv1_address violates check constraint "liquidv1_address_check"

=> SELECT 'bc1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kv8f3t4'::liquidv1_address;
ERROR:  value for domain liquidv1_address violates check constraint "liquidv1_address_check"

=> SELECT 'tex1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kugxq67'::liquidv1_address;
ERROR:  value for domain liquidv1_address violates check constraint "liquidv1_address_check"

`liquidtestnet_address`

A liquidtestnet_address is a bitcoin_address that is constrained such that passing it to is_liquidtestnet must return true.

=> SELECT 'Fftc4iT9o5aCHmekjksLgKbD6p4bJQutkw'::liquidtestnet_address;
liquidtestnet_address | Fftc4iT9o5aCHmekjksLgKbD6p4bJQutkw

=> SELECT '8q9MKsPFj1hJPQHHKdCvSBxqQEgZC885p1'::liquidtestnet_address;
liquidtestnet_address | 8q9MKsPFj1hJPQHHKdCvSBxqQEgZC885p1

=> SELECT 'tex1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kugxq67'::liquidtestnet_address;
liquidtestnet_address | tex1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kugxq67

=> SELECT 'tex1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3q9wsfac'::liquidtestnet_address;
liquidtestnet_address | tex1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3q9wsfac

=> SELECT 'vtS9oGwj6XuPE6vGfR7EcKNSkWsjyDeoBeyNfShtjNn6y3jZ2C5Q83avjefwkCkEAHTR5H8RnDVZPQ6X'::liquidtestnet_address;
liquidtestnet_address | vtS9oGwj6XuPE6vGfR7EcKNSkWsjyDeoBeyNfShtjNn6y3jZ2C5Q83avjefwkCkEAHTR5H8RnDVZPQ6X

=> SELECT 'vjTx85MD4YjNWSrPGqFVbRHa56VTTi5nG9UskBUpcQv1i1QttCqoD9wUHrzt7coHUXizR7Gjn1HKw6Aa'::liquidtestnet_address;
liquidtestnet_address | vjTx85MD4YjNWSrPGqFVbRHa56VTTi5nG9UskBUpcQv1i1QttCqoD9wUHrzt7coHUXizR7Gjn1HKw6Aa

=> SELECT 'tlq1qqfumuen7l8wthtz45p3ftn58pvrs9xlumvkuu2xet8egzkcklqtesag7wm5pnyvk632fg8z96xe6xgl3gvaavntjsq6uglda5'::liquidtestnet_address;
liquidtestnet_address | tlq1qqfumuen7l8wthtz45p3ftn58pvrs9xlumvkuu2xet8egzkcklqtesag7wm5pnyvk632fg8z96xe6xgl3gvaavntjsq6uglda5

=> SELECT 'tlq1qqfumuen7l8wthtz45p3ftn58pvrs9xlumvkuu2xet8egzkcklqtesxrrzs7pf3gkdqzt6xfqxdtd5ymvnpt83n2dy7sm333jjczfqvnzlwseggc0pj3k'::liquidtestnet_address;
liquidtestnet_address | tlq1qqfumuen7l8wthtz45p3ftn58pvrs9xlumvkuu2xet8egzkcklqtesxrrzs7pf3gkdqzt6xfqxdtd5ymvnpt83n2dy7sm333jjczfqvnzlwseggc0pj3k

=> SELECT '2MvVwHhgE2JyjkjQk72CghrhrJsanKfHfqe'::liquidtestnet_address;
ERROR:  value for domain liquidtestnet_address violates check constraint "liquidtestnet_address_check"

=> SELECT 'Q7zGjziChsJbTsaaFZs2rxJjKQUQFMmZro'::liquidtestnet_address;
ERROR:  value for domain liquidtestnet_address violates check constraint "liquidtestnet_address_check"

=> SELECT 'tb1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kxpjzsx'::liquidtestnet_address;
ERROR:  value for domain liquidtestnet_address violates check constraint "liquidtestnet_address_check"

=> SELECT 'ex1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kxw5fx4'::liquidtestnet_address;
ERROR:  value for domain liquidtestnet_address violates check constraint "liquidtestnet_address_check"

Examples

=> CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE addresses (a bitcoin_address UNIQUE);
CREATE TABLE

=> INSERT INTO addresses VALUES
	('1BitcoinEaterAddressDontSendf59kuE'),
	('mrEqurom3cKudH7FaDrF3j1DJePLcjAU3m'),
	('3CQuYMDDnVD2wLL4ykYTeS9pbB5MCgiYUV'),
	('2N3y7c69FPwiP97xcetALGP95oXHWzPNHEk'),
	('bc1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kv8f3t4'),
	('tb1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kxpjzsx'),
	('bc1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3qccfmv3'),
	('tb1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3q0sl5k7'),
	('bc1p0xlxvlhemja6c4dqv22uapctqupfhlxm9h8z3k2e72q4k9hcz7vqzk5jj0'),
	('tb1p0xlxvlhemja6c4dqv22uapctqupfhlxm9h8z3k2e72q4k9hcz7vq47zagq'),
	('Q7zGjziChsJbTsaaFZs2rxJjKQUQFMmZro'),
	('Fftc4iT9o5aCHmekjksLgKbD6p4bJQutkw'),
	('GsuR23M1vcxpk551p1sJ8hQZzKqRPAD7Xg'),
	('8q9MKsPFj1hJPQHHKdCvSBxqQEgZC885p1'),
	('ex1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kxw5fx4'),
	('tex1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kugxq67'),
	('ex1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3qyhzwvh'),
	('tex1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3q9wsfac'),
	('ex1p0xlxvlhemja6c4dqv22uapctqupfhlxm9h8z3k2e72q4k9hcz7vq7el8jf'),
	('tex1p0xlxvlhemja6c4dqv22uapctqupfhlxm9h8z3k2e72q4k9hcz7vqlqdqrx'),
	('bc1sw50qgdz25j'),
	('tb1sw50qadvs0e'),
	('lq1sw50qntq8nmfzeau2'),
	('tlq1sw50qcl86e2ghx0ju');
INSERT 0 24

=> SELECT a AS bitcoin_address, program_size(a) AS sz, is_segwit(a) AS sw, is_blech32(a) AS bl, hrp(a), version(a) AS ver, is_mainnet(a) AS mn, is_testnet(a) AS tn, is_liquidv1(a) AS l1, is_liquidtestnet(a) AS lt, is_p2pkh(a) AS pkh, is_p2sh(a) AS sh, is_p2wpkh(a) AS wpkh, is_p2wsh(a) AS wsh, is_p2tr(a) AS tr FROM addresses;
                         bitcoin_address                         | sz | sw | bl | hrp | ver | mn | tn | l1 | lt | pkh | sh | wpkh | wsh | tr 
-----------------------------------------------------------------+----+----+----+-----+-----+----+----+----+----+-----+----+------+-----+----
 1BitcoinEaterAddressDontSendf59kuE                              | 20 | f  | f  |     |   0 | t  | f  | f  | f  | t   | f  | f    | f   | f
 mrEqurom3cKudH7FaDrF3j1DJePLcjAU3m                              | 20 | f  | f  |     | 111 | f  | t  | f  | f  | t   | f  | f    | f   | f
 3CQuYMDDnVD2wLL4ykYTeS9pbB5MCgiYUV                              | 20 | f  | f  |     |   5 | t  | f  | f  | f  | f   | t  | f    | f   | f
 2N3y7c69FPwiP97xcetALGP95oXHWzPNHEk                             | 20 | f  | f  |     | 196 | f  | t  | f  | f  | f   | t  | f    | f   | f
 bc1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kv8f3t4                      | 20 | t  | f  | bc  |   0 | t  | f  | f  | f  | f   | f  | t    | f   | f
 tb1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kxpjzsx                      | 20 | t  | f  | tb  |   0 | f  | t  | f  | f  | f   | f  | t    | f   | f
 bc1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3qccfmv3  | 32 | t  | f  | bc  |   0 | t  | f  | f  | f  | f   | f  | f    | t   | f
 tb1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3q0sl5k7  | 32 | t  | f  | tb  |   0 | f  | t  | f  | f  | f   | f  | f    | t   | f
 bc1p0xlxvlhemja6c4dqv22uapctqupfhlxm9h8z3k2e72q4k9hcz7vqzk5jj0  | 32 | t  | f  | bc  |   1 | t  | f  | f  | f  | f   | f  | f    | f   | t
 tb1p0xlxvlhemja6c4dqv22uapctqupfhlxm9h8z3k2e72q4k9hcz7vq47zagq  | 32 | t  | f  | tb  |   1 | f  | t  | f  | f  | f   | f  | f    | f   | t
 Q7zGjziChsJbTsaaFZs2rxJjKQUQFMmZro                              | 20 | f  | f  |     |  57 | f  | f  | t  | f  | t   | f  | f    | f   | f
 Fftc4iT9o5aCHmekjksLgKbD6p4bJQutkw                              | 20 | f  | f  |     |  36 | f  | f  | f  | t  | t   | f  | f    | f   | f
 GsuR23M1vcxpk551p1sJ8hQZzKqRPAD7Xg                              | 20 | f  | f  |     |  39 | f  | f  | t  | f  | f   | t  | f    | f   | f
 8q9MKsPFj1hJPQHHKdCvSBxqQEgZC885p1                              | 20 | f  | f  |     |  19 | f  | f  | f  | t  | f   | t  | f    | f   | f
 ex1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kxw5fx4                      | 20 | t  | f  | ex  |   0 | f  | f  | t  | f  | f   | f  | t    | f   | f
 tex1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kugxq67                     | 20 | t  | f  | tex |   0 | f  | f  | f  | t  | f   | f  | t    | f   | f
 ex1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3qyhzwvh  | 32 | t  | f  | ex  |   0 | f  | f  | t  | f  | f   | f  | f    | t   | f
 tex1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3q9wsfac | 32 | t  | f  | tex |   0 | f  | f  | f  | t  | f   | f  | f    | t   | f
 ex1p0xlxvlhemja6c4dqv22uapctqupfhlxm9h8z3k2e72q4k9hcz7vq7el8jf  | 32 | t  | f  | ex  |   1 | f  | f  | t  | f  | f   | f  | f    | f   | t
 tex1p0xlxvlhemja6c4dqv22uapctqupfhlxm9h8z3k2e72q4k9hcz7vqlqdqrx | 32 | t  | f  | tex |   1 | f  | f  | f  | t  | f   | f  | f    | f   | t
 bc1sw50qgdz25j                                                  |  2 | t  | f  | bc  |  16 | t  | f  | f  | f  | f   | f  | f    | f   | f
 tb1sw50qadvs0e                                                  |  2 | t  | f  | tb  |  16 | f  | t  | f  | f  | f   | f  | f    | f   | f
 lq1sw50qntq8nmfzeau2                                            |  2 | t  | t  | lq  |  16 | f  | f  | t  | f  | f   | f  | f    | f   | f
 tlq1sw50qcl86e2ghx0ju                                           |  2 | t  | t  | tlq |  16 | f  | f  | f  | t  | f   | f  | f    | f   | f
(24 rows)

=> INSERT INTO addresses VALUES ('1BitcoinEaterAddressDontSendf59kuE');
ERROR:  duplicate key value violates unique constraint "addresses_a_key"
DETAIL:  Key (a)=(1BitcoinEaterAddressDontSendf59kuE) already exists.

=> INSERT INTO addresses VALUES ('1BitcoinEaterAddressDontSendffffff');
ERROR:  not a valid Bitcoin address
DETAIL:  1BitcoinEaterAddressDontSendffffff

=> SELECT program('1BitcoinEaterAddressDontSendf59kuE'::bitcoin_address);
program | \x759d6677091e973b9e9d99f19c68fbf43e3f05f9

=> SELECT program('h1iFS7nKb'::bitcoin_address);
ERROR:  not a valid Bitcoin address
DETAIL:  h1iFS7nKb

=> SELECT 'h1iFS7nKb'::base58check::bytea;
bytea | \x123456

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