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voxel-challenge's Introduction

Taichi Voxel Challenge

Figure: result of python3 example6.py. Please replace the image above (demo.jpg) with yours, so that other people can immediately see your results :-)

We invite you to create your voxel artwork, by putting your Taichi code in main.py!

Rules:

You can only import two modules: taichi (pip installation guide below) and scene.py (in the repo).
The code in main.py cannot exceed 99 lines. Each line cannot exceed 120 characters.

The available APIs are:

scene = Scene(voxel_edges, exposure)
scene.set_voxel(voxel_id, material, color)
material, color = scene.get_voxel(voxel_id)
scene.set_floor(height, color)
scene.set_directional_light(dir, noise, color)
scene.set_background_color(color)

Remember to call scene.finish() at last.

Taichi Lang documentation: https://docs.taichi-lang.org/

Modifying files other than main.py is not allowed.

Installation

Make sure your pip is up-to-date:

pip3 install pip --upgrade

Assume you have a Python 3 environment, simply run:

pip3 install -r requirements.txt

to install the dependencies of the voxel renderer.

Quickstart

python3 example1.py  # example2/3/.../7/8.py

Mouse and keyboard interface:

Drag with your left mouse button to rotate the camera.
Press W/A/S/D/Q/E to move the camera.
Press P to save a screenshot.

More examples

Show your artwork

Please put your artwork at the beginning of this README file. Replacing the demo.jpg file with your creation will do the job.

voxel-challenge's People

Contributors

Stargazers

Watchers

voxel-challenge's Issues

failed running the examples

PS C:\Users\14988\Documents\GitHub\taichi_work> & D:/anaconda/envs/taichi/python.exe c:/Users/14988/Documents/GitHub/taichi_work/example1.py
[Taichi] version 1.0.1, llvm 10.0.0, commit 1c3619d9, win, python 3.9.12
[Taichi] Starting on arch=vulkan
[I 05/04/22 13:23:37.158 41472] [D:/a/taichi/taichi/taichi/backends/vulkan/vulkan_device_creator.cpp:pick_physical_device@363] Found Vulkan Device 0 (AMD Radeon(TM) Graphics)
[I 05/04/22 13:23:37.158 41472] [D:/a/taichi/taichi/taichi/backends/vulkan/vulkan_device_creator.cpp:pick_physical_device@363] Found Vulkan Device 1 (NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3060 Laptop GPU)
[I 05/04/22 13:23:37.158 41472] [D:/a/taichi/taichi/taichi/backends/vulkan/vulkan_device_creator.cpp:create_logical_device@431] Vulkan Device "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3060 Laptop GPU" supports Vulkan 0 version 1.3.194
Assertion failed: m_VulkanFunctions.vkGetDeviceBufferMemoryRequirements != nullptr, file D:/a/taichi/taichi/external/VulkanMemoryAllocator/include\vk_mem_alloc.h, line 14440

ti.Vector初始化问题

import taichi as ti
ti.init(arch=ti.gpu)
w = 512
h = 512
screen = ti.Vector(3,dt=ti.f32,shape=(w, h))

报错TypeError: Matrix.init() got an unexpected keyword argument 'shape'
求解哇，蟹蟹蟹蟹

example5 raising exception for wrong typed arguments.

voxel-challenge/example5.py

Line 42 in 8f5b6fb

for k in ti.ndrange((-height*.6+base, height*1.2+base)):

Hi,

Python 3.9 running on Ubuntu 18.04 with CUDA/Vulkan backend.
Example5 throws an exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "example5.py", line 64, in <module>
    initialize_voxels()
  File "venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/taichi/lang/kernel_impl.py", line 917, in wrapped
    raise type(e)('\n' + str(e)) from None
taichi.lang.exception.TaichiTypeError:
On line 54 of file "example5.py", in initialize_voxels:
    make_cloud_city(base, n)
    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
On line 42 of file "example5.py", in make_cloud_city:
        for k in ti.ndrange((-height*.6+base, height*1.2+base)):
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Every argument of ndrange should be an integer scalar or a tuple/list of (int, int)

Casting the tuple to int 8 seems to fix it:

lims = (ti.cast(-height*.6+base, ti.i8), ti.cast(height*1.2+base, ti.i8))
for k in ti.ndrange(lims):

Also, all examples raise this error, but it doesn't seem to stop the other examples from running:

GLFW Error 65537: The GLFW library is not initialized

Performance expectation on macos

Hi, I came across taichi and your voxel challenge because I was looking for a quick way to render some voxely creative coding-type project. While the output looks really nice, I was wondering if it's normal that on macos I get about 1 frame per second for most of the more complex examples (using the vulkan mode). Switching to CPU I get at least 5 to 6 frames. Is that what you'd expect more or less? Or is there a way on macos to get this into the 30fps range somehow? Would it be possible in taichi to port this to (render using) metal e.g.?

Closing the window causes GLFW errors

When I close the GGUI window after running any examples, I got GLFW Error 65537: The GLFW library is not initialized.

The running environments:

Ubuntu 20.04 
Taichi 1.0.1 nightly

I didn't get the error on macOS Monterey 12.3.1.

Little Night Lamp

Artwork Name: Little Night Lamp
Your Repo Link: https://github.com/ying-lei/little_night_lamp/
Artwork Screenshot:

zsh: segmentation fault python3 example5.py

% python3 example5.py
[Taichi] version 1.0.2, llvm 10.0.0, commit 14f0acba, osx, python 3.10.1
[mvk-info] MoltenVK version 1.1.9, supporting Vulkan version 1.1.211.
	The following 69 Vulkan extensions are supported:
		VK_KHR_16bit_storage v1
		VK_KHR_8bit_storage v1
		VK_KHR_bind_memory2 v1
		VK_KHR_create_renderpass2 v1
		VK_KHR_dedicated_allocation v3
		VK_KHR_depth_stencil_resolve v1
		VK_KHR_descriptor_update_template v1
		VK_KHR_device_group v4
		VK_KHR_device_group_creation v1
		VK_KHR_driver_properties v1
		VK_KHR_external_fence v1
		VK_KHR_external_fence_capabilities v1
		VK_KHR_external_memory v1
		VK_KHR_external_memory_capabilities v1
		VK_KHR_external_semaphore v1
		VK_KHR_external_semaphore_capabilities v1
		VK_KHR_get_memory_requirements2 v1
		VK_KHR_get_physical_device_properties2 v2
		VK_KHR_get_surface_capabilities2 v1
		VK_KHR_imageless_framebuffer v1
		VK_KHR_image_format_list v1
		VK_KHR_maintenance1 v2
		VK_KHR_maintenance2 v1
		VK_KHR_maintenance3 v1
		VK_KHR_multiview v1
		VK_KHR_portability_subset v1
		VK_KHR_push_descriptor v2
		VK_KHR_relaxed_block_layout v1
		VK_KHR_sampler_mirror_clamp_to_edge v3
		VK_KHR_sampler_ycbcr_conversion v14
		VK_KHR_shader_draw_parameters v1
		VK_KHR_shader_float16_int8 v1
		VK_KHR_shader_subgroup_extended_types v1
		VK_KHR_storage_buffer_storage_class v1
		VK_KHR_surface v25
		VK_KHR_swapchain v70
		VK_KHR_swapchain_mutable_format v1
		VK_KHR_timeline_semaphore v2
		VK_KHR_uniform_buffer_standard_layout v1
		VK_KHR_variable_pointers v1
		VK_EXT_debug_marker v4
		VK_EXT_debug_report v10
		VK_EXT_debug_utils v2
		VK_EXT_descriptor_indexing v2
		VK_EXT_fragment_shader_interlock v1
		VK_EXT_hdr_metadata v2
		VK_EXT_host_query_reset v1
		VK_EXT_image_robustness v1
		VK_EXT_inline_uniform_block v1
		VK_EXT_memory_budget v1
		VK_EXT_metal_surface v1
		VK_EXT_private_data v1
		VK_EXT_robustness2 v1
		VK_EXT_sample_locations v1
		VK_EXT_scalar_block_layout v1
		VK_EXT_shader_stencil_export v1
		VK_EXT_shader_viewport_index_layer v1
		VK_EXT_subgroup_size_control v2
		VK_EXT_swapchain_colorspace v4
		VK_EXT_texel_buffer_alignment v1
		VK_EXT_vertex_attribute_divisor v3
		VK_AMD_gpu_shader_half_float v2
		VK_AMD_negative_viewport_height v1
		VK_AMD_shader_trinary_minmax v1
		VK_INTEL_shader_integer_functions2 v1
		VK_GOOGLE_display_timing v1
		VK_MVK_macos_surface v3
		VK_MVK_moltenvk v34
		VK_NV_glsl_shader v1
[mvk-info] GPU device:
		model: Intel(R) Iris(TM) Plus Graphics
		type: Integrated
		vendorID: 0x8086
		deviceID: 0x8a51
		pipelineCacheUUID: 0000277D-0A0F-07D2-0000-000000000000
	supports the following Metal Versions, GPU's and Feature Sets:
		Metal Shading Language 2.2
		GPU Family Mac 2
		GPU Family Mac 1
		GPU Family Common 3
		GPU Family Common 2
		GPU Family Common 1
		macOS GPU Family 2 v1
		macOS GPU Family 1 v4
		macOS GPU Family 1 v3
		macOS GPU Family 1 v2
		macOS GPU Family 1 v1
[mvk-info] Created VkInstance for Vulkan version 1.0.0, as requested by app, with the following 0 Vulkan extensions enabled:
[Taichi] Starting on arch=vulkan
[mvk-info] MoltenVK version 1.1.9, supporting Vulkan version 1.1.211.
	The following 69 Vulkan extensions are supported:
		VK_KHR_16bit_storage v1
		VK_KHR_8bit_storage v1
		VK_KHR_bind_memory2 v1
		VK_KHR_create_renderpass2 v1
		VK_KHR_dedicated_allocation v3
		VK_KHR_depth_stencil_resolve v1
		VK_KHR_descriptor_update_template v1
		VK_KHR_device_group v4
		VK_KHR_device_group_creation v1
		VK_KHR_driver_properties v1
		VK_KHR_external_fence v1
		VK_KHR_external_fence_capabilities v1
		VK_KHR_external_memory v1
		VK_KHR_external_memory_capabilities v1
		VK_KHR_external_semaphore v1
		VK_KHR_external_semaphore_capabilities v1
		VK_KHR_get_memory_requirements2 v1
		VK_KHR_get_physical_device_properties2 v2
		VK_KHR_get_surface_capabilities2 v1
		VK_KHR_imageless_framebuffer v1
		VK_KHR_image_format_list v1
		VK_KHR_maintenance1 v2
		VK_KHR_maintenance2 v1
		VK_KHR_maintenance3 v1
		VK_KHR_multiview v1
		VK_KHR_portability_subset v1
		VK_KHR_push_descriptor v2
		VK_KHR_relaxed_block_layout v1
		VK_KHR_sampler_mirror_clamp_to_edge v3
		VK_KHR_sampler_ycbcr_conversion v14
		VK_KHR_shader_draw_parameters v1
		VK_KHR_shader_float16_int8 v1
		VK_KHR_shader_subgroup_extended_types v1
		VK_KHR_storage_buffer_storage_class v1
		VK_KHR_surface v25
		VK_KHR_swapchain v70
		VK_KHR_swapchain_mutable_format v1
		VK_KHR_timeline_semaphore v2
		VK_KHR_uniform_buffer_standard_layout v1
		VK_KHR_variable_pointers v1
		VK_EXT_debug_marker v4
		VK_EXT_debug_report v10
		VK_EXT_debug_utils v2
		VK_EXT_descriptor_indexing v2
		VK_EXT_fragment_shader_interlock v1
		VK_EXT_hdr_metadata v2
		VK_EXT_host_query_reset v1
		VK_EXT_image_robustness v1
		VK_EXT_inline_uniform_block v1
		VK_EXT_memory_budget v1
		VK_EXT_metal_surface v1
		VK_EXT_private_data v1
		VK_EXT_robustness2 v1
		VK_EXT_sample_locations v1
		VK_EXT_scalar_block_layout v1
		VK_EXT_shader_stencil_export v1
		VK_EXT_shader_viewport_index_layer v1
		VK_EXT_subgroup_size_control v2
		VK_EXT_swapchain_colorspace v4
		VK_EXT_texel_buffer_alignment v1
		VK_EXT_vertex_attribute_divisor v3
		VK_AMD_gpu_shader_half_float v2
		VK_AMD_negative_viewport_height v1
		VK_AMD_shader_trinary_minmax v1
		VK_INTEL_shader_integer_functions2 v1
		VK_GOOGLE_display_timing v1
		VK_MVK_macos_surface v3
		VK_MVK_moltenvk v34
		VK_NV_glsl_shader v1
zsh: segmentation fault  python3 example5.py

voxel-challenge

Artwork Name: a little red flower （送你一朵小红花）
Your Repo Link: https://github.com/zhangxianggis/voxel-challenge
Artwork Screenshot:

For Love and Peace

23

Name: Shape
Link: https://github.com/shumuxu/voxel.git
Screenshot:

is it possible to output the 3d file?

such as .vox, .glb...
Is there a plan for this?

Trees and Rivers

Competition poll

Stickman save the world!

Competition Artwork Gallery

Update on 22nd, April：

Thank you for your participation! The submission is closed.

Please submit your Artwork by commenting below. Here is an example:

Artwork Name:
Your Repo Link:
Artwork Screenshot:

You can also write down the story behind your Artwork~

Import Taichi Voxel to Minecraft

HI, I wonder is there any exising toolchains that I could use Taichi Voxel API to generating some building and then import it to Minecraft(or Minetest)?

Thanks.

Taichi Voxel Challenge 2022 is closed, see you next time!

Taichi Voxel Challenge 2022 is closed. See you next time!

Winners of Taichi Voxel challenge 2022

Prize	Entry name	Entrant
First Prize	Half-Broken	SuperSodaSea
Second Prize	Another World	Peng-bo
Third Prize	Magic Cube	Memorylt
Third Prize	Tiny Jinja	0xrabbyte
Third Prize	Little Night Lamp	ying-lei
Committee's Pick	Mario Theme	caiiy
Committee's Pick	Potted Tree	Evil-Ryu
Committee's Pick	Tiny White Boat & Giant Yellow Duck	Ricahrd-Li
Committee's Pick	a little red flower	zhangxianggis
Committee's Pick	Overhead Chicken	Xlhaw
Favorite Entry	Thumbs up to Taichi Guys	lotinosemiusomu

Qualified Submissions

1. Voxel Pac-man	2. Voxel Football Field	3. Nest	4. Diamond Ore

5.Penrose Triangle	6.Voxel Monument Valley	7.Stairs	8.Tiangong

9.6-D Random Walk	10.Dream to be a butterfly	11.Voxel Foretress	/

12.Angry Birds!	13.Thunder Creeper!!	14.Rlden Ring!	15.Pink spheres

16.Voxel Flappy Bird!	17.Bruce Lee	18.Fireflies Everywhere	19.Iron Man biu biu biu

20.Beef Rice Noodle	21.Wine Glass	22.mountain with clouds	23.decor door

24.Chopper Hat	25.A Tiny Jinja	26.The Binding of Isaac	27. Chess

28.Star Kirby in Switch	29.Canton Tower	30. FuFu!!	31. Möbiusband

32.Shanghai	33. learn simulate	34.LIMBO Styled Cubic Space Division	35.The El Castillo

36.Ace hearts	37.Riverside Cabin	38.Little Hollow Knight	39.EXPO2010 China pavilion

40.Quiet Workstation	41.Ball in ball	42. Chaos Mesh	43.Terrain but random generate

44.Stickman save the world!	45.Nyan Cat	46.Potted Tree	47.Strange Cube

48. Mario Theme	49.RGB Stairs	50.Color Blending	51.Taichi Logo

52.One Piece	53. Triple prism	54.Sierpinski Carpet	55. Go

56.Dragon	57.Birch Forest	58.Pyramids & Sphinx	59.CyberCity

60. Magic Cube	61.Flower	62. Geoculus	63.trees and rivers

64. Outside the Window	65. Voxel PVZ	66. Projection	67. Projection（VoxelTower）

68.Light saber jungle	69.bilibili	70.Windmill	71.Just One Byte!

72.2D/3D Hearts	73.Numerals	74.Panda	75.You are not alone

76. Rolling Tree	77. Tiny White Boat & Giant Yellow Duck	/	79. 3D-Tetris

80. Kirby,Kirby	81. Gather	82. Glowing Little House	83. Penetration

84.Lines	/	86.a little red flower	87.Overhead Chicken

88.Subway, Oldman and Phone	89.Moonlight in the city	90. The Great Wall	91.octocat

92.pyramid	93.Nested Frames	94.Rose of Rose Curve	95. 3d tetris

/	97. olympic	98. Little Night Lamp	99. Thumbs up to Tai Chi Guys

100. The Cauchy stress tensor lanterns	101. Celestial Shower	102. Another World	103. Half-Broken

104. Hot-air Balloon	105. Voxel PCBs	106. NVIDIA GPU H100	107. Doughnut with mayonnaise and chocolate chips

108. 《kitten》	109. Ambiguous Garage Roof	110. Minecraft-0.8.1	111. coffee

Find out more information about this competition here.

Low fps on rxt 3060

Hi am testing examples with cuda and vulkan, and its always around 10 fps. Is this expected or I need additional work for release/performance run?

Using arch=ti.vulkan on iMac (2017, Intel) casuses no screenshots can be saved

Environment:

-> % python -V
Python 3.9.12
taichi 1.0.0
numpy 1.22.3

Issue:
Using the template to install and create the scene on my iMac (as above), the renderer works well but whenever I press p, there is no screenshots can be saved. I've got a minimum script to reproduce the issue

import taichi as ti
from renderer import Renderer
from taichi.math import vec3

VOXEL_DX = 1 / 64
SCREEN_RES = (1280, 720)
TARGET_FPS = 30
UP_DIR = (0, 1, 0)


def main():
    ti.init(arch=ti.vulkan)  # img can NOT be saved
    # ti.init(arch=ti.cpu)   # img can save
    renderer = Renderer(dx=VOXEL_DX,
                        image_res=SCREEN_RES,
                        up=UP_DIR,
                        voxel_edges=0.01,
                        exposure=1)

    renderer.background_color[None] = vec3(0.9, 0.3, 0.3)
    renderer.recompute_bbox()
    img = renderer.fetch_image()
    print(img)
    fname = "reproduce.jpg"
    ti.tools.image.imwrite(img, fname)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

With this script, I noticed that if the arch is set to ti.cpu for instance, the img can be written to FS. But with ti.vulkan, there is no image written.

P.S. If I change the arch to either cpu / gpu in the scene.py. Then the script will crash. Attached the crash log as bellow.

scene.py
-        ti.init(arch=ti.vulkan)
+        ti.init(arch=ti.cpu)

[Taichi] version 1.0.0, llvm 10.0.0, commit 6a15da85, osx, python 3.9.12
[Taichi] Starting on arch=x64

====================================================
Camera:
* Drag with your left mouse button to rotate
* Press W/A/S/D/Q/E to move
====================================================

[mvk-info] MoltenVK version 1.1.8, supporting Vulkan version 1.1.204.
	The following 72 Vulkan extensions are supported:
		VK_KHR_16bit_storage v1
		VK_KHR_8bit_storage v1
		VK_KHR_bind_memory2 v1
		VK_KHR_create_renderpass2 v1
		VK_KHR_dedicated_allocation v3
		VK_KHR_depth_stencil_resolve v1
		VK_KHR_descriptor_update_template v1
		VK_KHR_device_group v4
		VK_KHR_device_group_creation v1
		VK_KHR_driver_properties v1
		VK_KHR_external_fence v1
		VK_KHR_external_fence_capabilities v1
		VK_KHR_external_memory v1
		VK_KHR_external_memory_capabilities v1
		VK_KHR_external_semaphore v1
		VK_KHR_external_semaphore_capabilities v1
		VK_KHR_get_memory_requirements2 v1
		VK_KHR_get_physical_device_properties2 v2
		VK_KHR_get_surface_capabilities2 v1
		VK_KHR_imageless_framebuffer v1
		VK_KHR_image_format_list v1
		VK_KHR_maintenance1 v2
		VK_KHR_maintenance2 v1
		VK_KHR_maintenance3 v1
		VK_KHR_multiview v1
		VK_KHR_portability_subset v1
		VK_KHR_push_descriptor v2
		VK_KHR_relaxed_block_layout v1
		VK_KHR_sampler_mirror_clamp_to_edge v3
		VK_KHR_sampler_ycbcr_conversion v14
		VK_KHR_shader_draw_parameters v1
		VK_KHR_shader_float16_int8 v1
		VK_KHR_shader_subgroup_extended_types v1
		VK_KHR_storage_buffer_storage_class v1
		VK_KHR_surface v25
		VK_KHR_swapchain v70
		VK_KHR_swapchain_mutable_format v1
		VK_KHR_timeline_semaphore v2
		VK_KHR_uniform_buffer_standard_layout v1
		VK_KHR_variable_pointers v1
		VK_EXT_debug_marker v4
		VK_EXT_debug_report v10
		VK_EXT_debug_utils v2
		VK_EXT_descriptor_indexing v2
		VK_EXT_fragment_shader_interlock v1
		VK_EXT_hdr_metadata v2
		VK_EXT_host_query_reset v1
		VK_EXT_image_robustness v1
		VK_EXT_inline_uniform_block v1
		VK_EXT_memory_budget v1
		VK_EXT_metal_surface v1
		VK_EXT_post_depth_coverage v1
		VK_EXT_private_data v1
		VK_EXT_robustness2 v1
		VK_EXT_scalar_block_layout v1
		VK_EXT_shader_stencil_export v1
		VK_EXT_shader_viewport_index_layer v1
		VK_EXT_subgroup_size_control v2
		VK_EXT_swapchain_colorspace v4
		VK_EXT_texel_buffer_alignment v1
		VK_EXT_texture_compression_astc_hdr v1
		VK_EXT_vertex_attribute_divisor v3
		VK_AMD_gpu_shader_half_float v2
		VK_AMD_negative_viewport_height v1
		VK_AMD_shader_image_load_store_lod v1
		VK_AMD_shader_trinary_minmax v1
		VK_IMG_format_pvrtc v1
		VK_INTEL_shader_integer_functions2 v1
		VK_GOOGLE_display_timing v1
		VK_MVK_macos_surface v3
		VK_MVK_moltenvk v33
		VK_NV_glsl_shader v1
[mvk-info] GPU device:
		model: AMD Radeon Pro 560
		type: Discrete
		vendorID: 0x1002
		deviceID: 0x67ef
		pipelineCacheUUID: 0000277C-0C03-07D2-0000-000000000000
	supports the following Metal Versions, GPU's and Feature Sets:
		Metal Shading Language 2.3
		GPU Family Mac 2
		GPU Family Mac 1
		GPU Family Common 3
		GPU Family Common 2
		GPU Family Common 1
		macOS GPU Family 2 v1
		macOS GPU Family 1 v4
		macOS GPU Family 1 v3
		macOS GPU Family 1 v2
		macOS GPU Family 1 v1
		macOS Read-Write Texture Tier 2
[mvk-info] Created VkInstance for Vulkan version 1.0.0, as requested by app, with the following 0 Vulkan extensions enabled:
[mvk-info] MoltenVK version 1.1.8, supporting Vulkan version 1.1.204.
	The following 72 Vulkan extensions are supported:
		VK_KHR_16bit_storage v1
		VK_KHR_8bit_storage v1
		VK_KHR_bind_memory2 v1
		VK_KHR_create_renderpass2 v1
		VK_KHR_dedicated_allocation v3
		VK_KHR_depth_stencil_resolve v1
		VK_KHR_descriptor_update_template v1
		VK_KHR_device_group v4
		VK_KHR_device_group_creation v1
		VK_KHR_driver_properties v1
		VK_KHR_external_fence v1
		VK_KHR_external_fence_capabilities v1
		VK_KHR_external_memory v1
		VK_KHR_external_memory_capabilities v1
		VK_KHR_external_semaphore v1
		VK_KHR_external_semaphore_capabilities v1
		VK_KHR_get_memory_requirements2 v1
		VK_KHR_get_physical_device_properties2 v2
		VK_KHR_get_surface_capabilities2 v1
		VK_KHR_imageless_framebuffer v1
		VK_KHR_image_format_list v1
		VK_KHR_maintenance1 v2
		VK_KHR_maintenance2 v1
		VK_KHR_maintenance3 v1
		VK_KHR_multiview v1
		VK_KHR_portability_subset v1
		VK_KHR_push_descriptor v2
		VK_KHR_relaxed_block_layout v1
		VK_KHR_sampler_mirror_clamp_to_edge v3
		VK_KHR_sampler_ycbcr_conversion v14
		VK_KHR_shader_draw_parameters v1
		VK_KHR_shader_float16_int8 v1
		VK_KHR_shader_subgroup_extended_types v1
		VK_KHR_storage_buffer_storage_class v1
		VK_KHR_surface v25
		VK_KHR_swapchain v70
		VK_KHR_swapchain_mutable_format v1
		VK_KHR_timeline_semaphore v2
		VK_KHR_uniform_buffer_standard_layout v1
		VK_KHR_variable_pointers v1
		VK_EXT_debug_marker v4
		VK_EXT_debug_report v10
		VK_EXT_debug_utils v2
		VK_EXT_descriptor_indexing v2
		VK_EXT_fragment_shader_interlock v1
		VK_EXT_hdr_metadata v2
		VK_EXT_host_query_reset v1
		VK_EXT_image_robustness v1
		VK_EXT_inline_uniform_block v1
		VK_EXT_memory_budget v1
		VK_EXT_metal_surface v1
		VK_EXT_post_depth_coverage v1
		VK_EXT_private_data v1
		VK_EXT_robustness2 v1
		VK_EXT_scalar_block_layout v1
		VK_EXT_shader_stencil_export v1
		VK_EXT_shader_viewport_index_layer v1
		VK_EXT_subgroup_size_control v2
		VK_EXT_swapchain_colorspace v4
		VK_EXT_texel_buffer_alignment v1
		VK_EXT_texture_compression_astc_hdr v1
		VK_EXT_vertex_attribute_divisor v3
		VK_AMD_gpu_shader_half_float v2
		VK_AMD_negative_viewport_height v1
		VK_AMD_shader_image_load_store_lod v1
		VK_AMD_shader_trinary_minmax v1
		VK_IMG_format_pvrtc v1
		VK_INTEL_shader_integer_functions2 v1
		VK_GOOGLE_display_timing v1
		VK_MVK_macos_surface v3
		VK_MVK_moltenvk v33
		VK_NV_glsl_shader v1
[mvk-info] GPU device:
		model: AMD Radeon Pro 560
		type: Discrete
		vendorID: 0x1002
		deviceID: 0x67ef
		pipelineCacheUUID: 0000277C-0C03-07D2-0000-000000000000
	supports the following Metal Versions, GPU's and Feature Sets:
		Metal Shading Language 2.3
		GPU Family Mac 2
		GPU Family Mac 1
		GPU Family Common 3
		GPU Family Common 2
		GPU Family Common 1
		macOS GPU Family 2 v1
		macOS GPU Family 1 v4
		macOS GPU Family 1 v3
		macOS GPU Family 1 v2
		macOS GPU Family 1 v1
		macOS Read-Write Texture Tier 2
[mvk-info] Created VkInstance for Vulkan version 1.1.204, as requested by app, with the following 5 Vulkan extensions enabled:
		VK_KHR_external_memory_capabilities v1
		VK_KHR_external_semaphore_capabilities v1
		VK_KHR_get_physical_device_properties2 v2
		VK_KHR_surface v25
		VK_EXT_debug_utils v2
[E 04/16/22 23:57:35.900 3762443] Received signal 11 (Segmentation fault: 11)



                            * Taichi Core - Stack Traceback *
==========================================================================================
|                       Module |  Offset | Function                                      |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
*               taichi_core.so |     126 | taichi::Logger::error(std::__1::basic_string< |
                                         | char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1:: |
                                         | allocator<char> > const&, bool)               |
*               taichi_core.so |     228 | taichi::(anonymous namespace)::signal_handler |
                                         | (int)                                         |
*     libsystem_platform.dylib |      29 | (null)                                        |
*                          ??? | 6298881 | (null)                                        |
*            libMoltenVK.dylib |     228 | (null)                                        |
*               taichi_core.so |      37 | taichi::lang::vulkan::VulkanDevice::~VulkanDe |
                                         | vice()                                        |
*               taichi_core.so |      14 | taichi::lang::vulkan::VulkanDevice::~VulkanDe |
                                         | vice()                                        |
*               taichi_core.so |     769 | taichi::lang::vulkan::VulkanDeviceCreator::Vu |
                                         | lkanDeviceCreator(taichi::lang::vulkan::Vulka |
                                         | nDeviceCreator::Params const&)                |
*               taichi_core.so |    1434 | taichi::ui::vulkan::AppContext::init(taichi:: |
                                         | lang::Program*, GLFWwindow*, taichi::ui::AppC |
                                         | onfig const&)                                 |
*               taichi_core.so |      22 | taichi::ui::vulkan::Renderer::init(taichi::la |
                                         | ng::Program*, GLFWwindow*, taichi::ui::AppCon |
                                         | fig const&)                                   |
*               taichi_core.so |     204 | taichi::ui::vulkan::Window::init(taichi::lang |
                                         | ::Program*, taichi::ui::AppConfig const&)     |
*               taichi_core.so |     185 | taichi::ui::vulkan::Window::Window(taichi::la |
                                         | ng::Program*, taichi::ui::AppConfig const&)   |
*               taichi_core.so |     305 | taichi::ui::PyWindow::PyWindow(taichi::lang:: |
                                         | Program*, std::__1::basic_string<char, std::_ |
                                         | _1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<ch |
                                         | ar> >, pybind11::tuple, bool, bool, std::__1: |
                                         | :basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<cha |
                                         | r>, std::__1::allocator<char> >, taichi::Arch |
                                         | , bool)                                       |
*               taichi_core.so |     183 | taichi::ui::PyWindow* pybind11::detail::initi |
                                         | mpl::construct_or_initialize<taichi::ui::PyWi |
                                         | ndow, taichi::lang::Program*, std::__1::basic |
                                         | _string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, st |
                                         | d::__1::allocator<char> >, pybind11::tuple, b |
                                         | ool, bool, std::__1::basic_string<char, std:: |
                                         | __1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<c |
                                         | har> >, taichi::Arch, bool, 0>(taichi::lang:: |
                                         | Program*&&, std::__1::basic_string<char, std: |
                                         | :__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator< |
                                         | char> >&&, pybind11::tuple&&, bool&&, bool&&, |
                                         |  std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_ |
                                         | traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> >&&,  |
                                         | taichi::Arch&&, bool&&)                       |
*               taichi_core.so |     179 | pybind11::class_<taichi::ui::PyWindow> pybind |
                                         | 11::detail::argument_loader<pybind11::detail: |
                                         | :value_and_holder&, taichi::lang::Program*, s |
                                         | td::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_tr |
                                         | aits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> >, pybi |
                                         | nd11::tuple, bool, bool, std::__1::basic_stri |
                                         | ng<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__ |
                                         | 1::allocator<char> >, taichi::Arch, bool>::ca |
                                         | ll_impl<void, void pybind11::detail::initimpl |
                                         | ::constructor<taichi::lang::Program*, std::__ |
                                         | 1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<c |
                                         | har>, std::__1::allocator<char> >, pybind11:: |
                                         | tuple, bool, bool, std::__1::basic_string<cha |
                                         | r, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::all |
                                         | ocator<char> >, taichi::Arch, bool>::execute< |
                                         | pybind11::class_<taichi::ui::PyWindow>, 0>(py |
                                         | bind11::class_<taichi::ui::PyWindow>&)::'lamb |
                                         | da'(pybind11::detail::value_and_holder&, taic |
                                         | hi::lang::Program*, std::__1::basic_string<ch |
                                         | ar, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::al |
                                         | locator<char> >, pybind11::tuple, bool, bool, |
                                         |  std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_ |
                                         | traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> >, ta |
                                         | ichi::Arch, bool)&, 0ul, 1ul, 2ul, 3ul, 4ul,  |
                                         | 5ul, 6ul, 7ul, 8ul, pybind11::detail::void_ty |
                                         | pe>(void pybind11::detail::initimpl::construc |
                                         | tor<taichi::lang::Program*, std::__1::basic_s |
                                         | tring<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std: |
                                         | :__1::allocator<char> >, pybind11::tuple, boo |
                                         | l, bool, std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__ |
                                         | 1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<cha |
                                         | r> >, taichi::Arch, bool>::execute<pybind11:: |
                                         | class_<taichi::ui::PyWindow>, 0>(pybind11::cl |
                                         | ass_<taichi::ui::PyWindow>&)::'lambda'(pybind |
                                         | 11::detail::value_and_holder&, taichi::lang:: |
                                         | Program*, std::__1::basic_string<char, std::_ |
                                         | _1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<ch |
                                         | ar> >, pybind11::tuple, bool, bool, std::__1: |
                                         | :basic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<cha |
                                         | r>, std::__1::allocator<char> >, taichi::Arch |
                                         | , bool)&, std::__1::integer_sequence<unsigned |
                                         |  long, 0ul, 1ul, 2ul, 3ul, 4ul, 5ul, 6ul, 7ul |
                                         | , 8ul>, pybind11::detail::void_type&&) &&     |
*               taichi_core.so |      76 | void pybind11::cpp_function::initialize<void  |
                                         | pybind11::detail::initimpl::constructor<taich |
                                         | i::lang::Program*, std::__1::basic_string<cha |
                                         | r, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1::all |
                                         | ocator<char> >, pybind11::tuple, bool, bool,  |
                                         | std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_t |
                                         | raits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> >, tai |
                                         | chi::Arch, bool>::execute<pybind11::class_<ta |
                                         | ichi::ui::PyWindow>, 0>(pybind11::class_<taic |
                                         | hi::ui::PyWindow>&)::'lambda'(pybind11::detai |
                                         | l::value_and_holder&, taichi::lang::Program*, |
                                         |  std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::char_ |
                                         | traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> >, py |
                                         | bind11::tuple, bool, bool, std::__1::basic_st |
                                         | ring<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std:: |
                                         | __1::allocator<char> >, taichi::Arch, bool),  |
                                         | void, pybind11::detail::value_and_holder&, ta |
                                         | ichi::lang::Program*, std::__1::basic_string< |
                                         | char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, std::__1:: |
                                         | allocator<char> >, pybind11::tuple, bool, boo |
                                         | l, std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1::cha |
                                         | r_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> >,  |
                                         | taichi::Arch, bool, pybind11::name, pybind11: |
                                         | :is_method, pybind11::sibling, pybind11::deta |
                                         | il::is_new_style_constructor>(pybind11::class |
                                         | _<taichi::ui::PyWindow>&&, void (*)(pybind11: |
                                         | :detail::value_and_holder&, taichi::lang::Pro |
                                         | gram*, std::__1::basic_string<char, std::__1: |
                                         | :char_traits<char>, std::__1::allocator<char> |
                                         |  >, pybind11::tuple, bool, bool, std::__1::ba |
                                         | sic_string<char, std::__1::char_traits<char>, |
                                         |  std::__1::allocator<char> >, taichi::Arch, b |
                                         | ool), pybind11::name const&, pybind11::is_met |
                                         | hod const&, pybind11::sibling const&, pybind1 |
                                         | 1::detail::is_new_style_constructor const&):: |
                                         | 'lambda'(pybind11::detail::function_call&)::o |
                                         | perator()(pybind11::detail::function_call&) c |
                                         | onst                                          |
*               taichi_core.so |    4691 | pybind11::cpp_function::dispatcher(_object*,  |
                                         | _object*, _object*)                           |
*                       Python |      52 | (null)                                        |
*                       Python |     127 | (null)                                        |
*                       Python |     728 | (null)                                        |