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An a.c. servomotor is an induction motor with two primary windings mutually displaced in magnetic position from one another by 90 electrical degrees. It has low inertia and high-resistance rotor, thus, giving a speed-torque curve that is linear in shape from no load speed to stand-still.
It is designed for operation with a constant voltage applied to one of the windings , called the fixed phase , while a time-displaced adjustable voltage is impressed on the other winding which is called the control winding. The two phase induction motor is the most important machine which is used as a servomotor. This is because:
1- No brushes and slip-rings are used. Thus, less maintenance is required and the motor is rugged and robust in construction.
2- The motor requires only a simple control amplifier.