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// cargo +stable-i686-pc-windows-msvc run

use std::ffi::c_void;

use windows::{
    core::PCSTR,
    s,
    Win32::{
        Foundation::HWND,
        System::{
            Diagnostics::Debug::{ReadProcessMemory, WriteProcessMemory},
            LibraryLoader::{GetProcAddress, LoadLibraryA},
            Threading::GetCurrentProcess,
        },
        UI::WindowsAndMessaging::{MessageBoxA, MESSAGEBOX_RESULT, MESSAGEBOX_STYLE},
    },
};

static mut MESSAGE_BOX_ORIGINAL_BYTES: [u8; 12] = [0; 12];
static mut BYTES_WRITTEN: usize = 0;
static mut MESSAGE_BOX_ADDRESS: Option<unsafe extern "system" fn() -> isize> = None;

fn main() {
    unsafe {
        // Show messagebox before hooking
        //
        // Pop the message box before the function is hooked - just to make sure it works and to
        // prove that no functions are hooked so far -  it's the first instruction of the program
        MessageBoxA(HWND(0), s!("Hello World"), s!("Rust"), Default::default());

        let dll_handle = LoadLibraryA(s!("user32.dll")).unwrap();
        let bytes_read: usize = 0;

        // Get address of the `MessageBox` function in memory
        //
        // If we disassemble the bytes at that address, we will definitely see that there is code for
        // `MessageBoxA`
        MESSAGE_BOX_ADDRESS = GetProcAddress(dll_handle, s!("MessageBoxA"));

        // save the first 6 bytes of the original MessageBoxA function - will need for unhooking
        //
        // Note the first 6 bytes <xx xx xx xx xx xx>(mind the endian-ness, where `xx` is some hex address).
        // We need to save these bytes for future when we want to unhook MessageBoxA
        ReadProcessMemory(
            GetCurrentProcess(),
            MESSAGE_BOX_ADDRESS.unwrap() as *const c_void,
            MESSAGE_BOX_ORIGINAL_BYTES.as_ptr() as *mut c_void,
            12,
            Some(bytes_read as *mut usize),
        );

        // Create a patch `push <address of new MessageBoxA); ret`
        //
        // Let's now build the patch (hook) bytes:
        let hooked_message_box_address = (HookedMessageBox as *mut ()).cast::<c_void>();
        let offset = hooked_message_box_address as isize;
        let mut patch = [0; 12];
        patch[0] = 0x48;
        let temp  = offset.to_ne_bytes();
        println!("{:#?}",temp);
        patch[1]=0xb8;
        patch[2..9].copy_from_slice(&temp[..7]);
        patch[10] = 0xFF;
        patch[11]=0xE0;
        // ...that will translate into the following assembly instructions:
        //
        // ```asm
        // // push HookedMessageBox memory address onto the stack
        // push HookedMessageBox
        // // jump to HookedMessageBox
        // ret
        // ```

        // Patch the `MessageBoxA`
        //
        // We can now patch the `MessageBoxA` - memory pane in the bottom right shows the patch being
        // written to the beginning of `MessageBoxA` function and the top right shows the beginning of
        // the same function is re-written with a `push <address that jumps to our hooked function>;
        // ret` instructions
        WriteProcessMemory(
            GetCurrentProcess(),
            MESSAGE_BOX_ADDRESS.unwrap() as *const c_void,
            patch.as_ptr().cast::<c_void>(),
            12,
            Some(BYTES_WRITTEN as *mut usize),
        );

        // show messagebox after hooking
        MessageBoxA(HWND(0), s!("HelloX World"), s!("Rust"), Default::default());
    }
}

// The `HookedMessageBox` intercepts and prints out the arguments supplied to `MessageBoxA`, then
// unhooks `MessageBoxA` by swapping back the first 6 bytes to the original bytes of the `MessageBoxA`
// function and then calls the `MessageBoxA` with the supplied arguments:
#[no_mangle]
pub extern "stdcall" fn HookedMessageBox(
    hwnd: HWND,
    mut lptext: PCSTR,
    mut lpcaption: PCSTR,
    utype: MESSAGEBOX_STYLE,
) -> MESSAGEBOX_RESULT {
    unsafe {
        // Print intercepted values from the MessageBoxA function
        println!(
            "================\nHooked!!!\noriginal-lptext: {}\noriginal-lpcation: {}\n================",
            lptext.to_string().unwrap(),
            lpcaption.to_string().unwrap(),
        );

        // Change intercepted values from the MessageBoxA function
        lptext = s!("Hooked Hello World");
        lpcaption = s!("Hooked Rust");

        // Print new values from the MessageBoxA function
        println!(
            "\n================\nHooked!!!\nhooked-lptext: {}\nhooked-lpcation: {}\n================",
            lptext.to_string().unwrap(),
            lpcaption.to_string().unwrap(),
        );

        // Unpatch MessageBoxA
        WriteProcessMemory(
            GetCurrentProcess(),
            MESSAGE_BOX_ADDRESS.unwrap() as *const c_void,
            MESSAGE_BOX_ORIGINAL_BYTES.as_ptr().cast::<c_void>(),
            12,
            Some(BYTES_WRITTEN as *mut usize),
        );

        // call the original MessageBoxA
        MessageBoxA(hwnd, lptext, lpcaption, utype)
    }
}