a lightweight and portable command-line YAML, JSON and XML processor. yq uses jq like syntax but works with yaml files as well as json, xml, properties, csv and tsv. It doesn't yet support everything jq does - but it does support the most common operations and functions, and more is being added continuously.
yq is written in go - so you can download a dependency free binary for your platform and you are good to go! If you prefer there are a variety of package managers that can be used as well as Docker and Podman, all listed below.
Read a value:
yq '.a.b[0].c' file.yamlPipe from STDIN:
yq '.a.b[0].c' < file.yamlUpdate a yaml file, in place
yq -i '.a.b[0].c = "cool"' file.yamlUpdate using environment variables
NAME=mike yq -i '.a.b[0].c = strenv(NAME)' file.yamlMerge multiple files
# merge two files
yq -n 'load("file1.yaml") * load("file2.yaml")'
# merge using globs:
# note the use of `ea` to evaluate all the files at once
# instead of in sequence
yq ea '. as $item ireduce ({}; . * $item )' path/to/*.ymlMultiple updates to a yaml file
yq -i '
.a.b[0].c = "cool" |
.x.y.z = "foobar" |
.person.name = strenv(NAME)
' file.yamlFind and update an item in an array:
yq '(.[] | select(.name == "foo") | .address) = "12 cat st"'Convert JSON to YAML
yq -Poy sample.jsonSee recipes for more examples and the documentation for more information.
Take a look at the discussions for common questions, and cool ideas
Use wget to download, gzipped pre-compiled binaries:
For instance, VERSION=v4.2.0 and BINARY=yq_linux_amd64
wget https://github.com/mikefarah/yq/releases/download/${VERSION}/${BINARY}.tar.gz -O - |\
tar xz && mv ${BINARY} /usr/bin/yqwget https://github.com/mikefarah/yq/releases/download/${VERSION}/${BINARY} -O /usr/bin/yq &&\
chmod +x /usr/bin/yqwget https://github.com/mikefarah/yq/releases/latest/download/yq_linux_amd64 -O /usr/bin/yq &&\
chmod +x /usr/bin/yqUsing Homebrew
brew install yq
snap install yq
yq installs with strict confinement in snap, this means it doesn't have direct access to root files. To read root files you can:
sudo cat /etc/myfile | yq '.a.path'
And to write to a root file you can either use sponge:
sudo cat /etc/myfile | yq '.a.path = "value"' | sudo sponge /etc/myfile
or write to a temporary file:
sudo cat /etc/myfile | yq '.a.path = "value"' | sudo tee /etc/myfile.tmp
sudo mv /etc/myfile.tmp /etc/myfile
rm /etc/myfile.tmp
docker run --rm -v "${PWD}":/workdir mikefarah/yq [command] [flags] [expression ]FILE...Note that you can run yq in docker without network access and other privileges if you desire,
namely --security-opt=no-new-privileges --cap-drop all --network none.
podman run --rm -v "${PWD}":/workdir mikefarah/yq [command] [flags] [expression ]FILE...You'll need to pass the -i\--interactive flag to docker:
docker run -i --rm mikefarah/yq '.this.thing' < myfile.ymlpodman run -i --rm mikefarah/yq '.this.thing' < myfile.ymldocker run --rm -it -v "${PWD}":/workdir --entrypoint sh mikefarah/yqpodman run --rm -it -v "${PWD}":/workdir --entrypoint sh mikefarah/yqIt can be useful to have a bash function to avoid typing the whole docker command:
yq() {
docker run --rm -i -v "${PWD}":/workdir mikefarah/yq "$@"
}yq() {
podman run --rm -i -v "${PWD}":/workdir mikefarah/yq "$@"
}yq's container image no longer runs under root (#860). If you'd like to install more things in the container image, or you're having permissions issues when attempting to read/write files you'll need to either:
docker run --user="root" -it --entrypoint sh mikefarah/yq
podman run --user="root" -it --entrypoint sh mikefarah/yq
Or, in your Dockerfile:
FROM mikefarah/yq
USER root
RUN apk add --no-cache bash
USER yq
By default, the alpine image yq uses does not include timezone data. If you'd like to use the tz operator, you'll need to include this data:
FROM mikefarah/yq
USER root
RUN apk add --no-cache tzdata
USER yq
If you are using podman with SELinux, you will need to set the shared volume flag :z on the volume mount:
-v "${PWD}":/workdir:z
- name: Set foobar to cool
uses: mikefarah/yq@master
with:
cmd: yq -i '.foo.bar = "cool"' 'config.yml'
- name: Get an entry with a variable that might contain dots or spaces
id: get_username
uses: mikefarah/yq@master
with:
cmd: yq '.all.children.["${{ matrix.ip_address }}"].username' ops/inventories/production.yml
- name: Reuse a variable obtained in another step
run: echo ${{ steps.get_username.outputs.result }}
See https://mikefarah.gitbook.io/yq/usage/github-action for more.
go install github.com/mikefarah/yq/v4@latest
As these are supported by the community ❤️ - however, they may be out of date with the officially supported releases.
Please note that the Debian package (previously supported by @rmescandon) is no longer maintained. Please use an alternative installation method.
nix profile install nixpkgs#yq-go
See here
webi yq
See webi Supported by @adithyasunil26 (https://github.com/webinstall/webi-installers/tree/master/yq)
pacman -S go-yq
Using Chocolatey
choco install yq
Supported by @chillum (https://chocolatey.org/packages/yq)
Using scoop
scoop install main/yq
Using winget
winget install --id MikeFarah.yq
Using MacPorts
sudo port selfupdate
sudo port install yq
Supported by @herbygillot (https://ports.macports.org/maintainer/github/herbygillot)
- Enable edge/community repo by adding
$MIRROR/alpine/edge/communityto/etc/apk/repositories - Update database index with
apk update - Install yq with
apk add yq
Supported by Tuan Hoang https://pkgs.alpinelinux.org/package/edge/community/x86/yq
- Detailed documentation with many examples
- Written in portable go, so you can download a lovely dependency free binary
- Uses similar syntax as
jqbut works with YAML, JSON and XML files - Fully supports multi document yaml files
- Supports yaml front matter blocks (e.g. jekyll/assemble)
- Colorized yaml output
- Date/Time manipulation and formatting with TZ
- Deeply data structures
- Sort keys
- Manipulate yaml comments, styling, tags and anchors and aliases.
- Update in place
- Complex expressions to select and update
- Keeps yaml formatting and comments when updating (though there are issues with whitespace)
- Decode/Encode base64 data
- Load content from other files
- Convert to/from json/ndjson
- Convert to/from xml
- Convert to/from properties
- Convert to/from csv/tsv
- General shell completion scripts (bash/zsh/fish/powershell)
- Reduce to merge multiple files or sum an array or other fancy things.
- Github Action to use in your automated pipeline (thanks @devorbitus)
Check out the documentation for more detailed and advanced usage.
Usage:
yq [flags]
yq [command]
Examples:
# yq defaults to 'eval' command if no command is specified. See "yq eval --help" for more examples.
yq '.stuff' < myfile.yml # outputs the data at the "stuff" node from "myfile.yml"
yq -i '.stuff = "foo"' myfile.yml # update myfile.yml in place
Available Commands:
completion Generate the autocompletion script for the specified shell
eval (default) Apply the expression to each document in each yaml file in sequence
eval-all Loads _all_ yaml documents of _all_ yaml files and runs expression once
help Help about any command
Flags:
-C, --colors force print with colors
-e, --exit-status set exit status if there are no matches or null or false is returned
-f, --front-matter string (extract|process) first input as yaml front-matter. Extract will pull out the yaml content, process will run the expression against the yaml content, leaving the remaining data intact
--header-preprocess Slurp any header comments and separators before processing expression. (default true)
-h, --help help for yq
-I, --indent int sets indent level for output (default 2)
-i, --inplace update the file in place of first file given.
-p, --input-format string [yaml|y|xml|x] parse format for input. Note that json is a subset of yaml. (default "yaml")
-M, --no-colors force print with no colors
-N, --no-doc Don't print document separators (---)
-n, --null-input Don't read input, simply evaluate the expression given. Useful for creating docs from scratch.
-o, --output-format string [yaml|y|json|j|props|p|xml|x] output format type. (default "yaml")
-P, --prettyPrint pretty print, shorthand for '... style = ""'
-s, --split-exp string print each result (or doc) into a file named (exp). [exp] argument must return a string. You can use $index in the expression as the result counter.
--unwrapScalar unwrap scalar, print the value with no quotes, colors or comments (default true)
-v, --verbose verbose mode
-V, --version Print version information and quit
--xml-attribute-prefix string prefix for xml attributes (default "+")
--xml-content-name string name for xml content (if no attribute name is present). (default "+content")
Use "yq [command] --help" for more information about a command.
yqattempts to preserve comment positions and whitespace as much as possible, but it does not handle all scenarios (see https://github.com/go-yaml/yaml/tree/v3 for details)- Powershell has its own...opinions on quoting yq
- "yes", "no" were dropped as boolean values in the yaml 1.2 standard - which is the standard yq assumes.
See tips and tricks for more common problems and solutions.
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