In this lab, we'll make use of the requests module commands and properties seen in the previous lesson, to extract information for a web service called "Open Notify" to access NASA's space data.

You will be able to:

• Explain the HTTP request/response cycle
• List the status codes of responses and their meanings
• Obtain and interpret status codes from responses
• Make HTTP GET and POST requests in python using the requests library

Open Notify is an an open source project to provide a simple programming interface for some of NASA’s awesome data. This takes live raw data from NASA's systems and turn them into APIs related to space and spacecraft. We can access the following information from open notify.

• Current Location of the International Space Station

• Number of People in Space

• Overhead Pass Predictions for the International Space Station

Open Notify has several API endpoints.

An endpoint is a server route that is used to retrieve different data from the API.

For example, the /comments endpoint on the Reddit API might retrieve information about comments, whereas the /users endpoint might retrieve data about users. To access them, you would add the endpoint to the base url of the API.

For the OpenNotify API, we have the following endpoints:

1. Current Location of the International Space Station /iss-now.json
2. Number of People in Space /astros.json
3. Overhead Pass Predictions for the International Space Station /iss-pass.json

The .json extension simply tells us that the data is being returned in a JSON format.

In this lab, we'll be querying this API to retrieve live data about the International Space Station (ISS). Details on OpenNofity, endpoints, syntax, and the services it offers can be viewed Here

The first endpoint we'll look at on Open Notify is the iss-now.json endpoint (current location of international space station). This endpoint gets the current latitude and longitude of the International Space Station. Perform the following tasks

• Make a get request to get the latest position of the international space station from the opennotify api's iss-now endpoint at http://api.open-notify.org/iss-now.json
• Check the status code of the response
• Interpret the returned code

# Your Code Here

# Your comments 

• Print the contents of the response and identify its current location

# Your Code Here

# Interpret your results using the API

Let's repeat the above for the second endpoint, astros.json. It tells you how many people are currently in space. The format of the responses can be studied HERE.

Read the above documentation and perform the following tasks:

• Get the response from astros.json endpoint
• Count how many people are currently in space
• List the names of people currently in space.

# Your Code Here

# Interpret the Results - How many people are in space and what are their names 

Let's repeat the exercise for another endpoint iss-pass.json. This endpoint is used to query the next pass of the space station on a given location.

# Your Code Here

# Your comments 

The status code for the end point returned is 400, which indicates a client error. To see more detailed information, we can use response.text instead of response.status_code.

# Your Code Here

This endpoint is not visible from the documentation, but we can navigate to the source code of Open Notify and see if we can gain more information on how to use this endpoint.

Click on the Source Code Tab, and navigate to the Open Notify GitHub repository.

https://github.com/open-notify/Open-Notify-API

If we look at the API spec this endpoint, we see that the ISS Pass endpoint requires two parameters.

https://github.com/open-notify/Open-Notify-API/blob/master/app.py#L103

The API returns a list of upcoming ISS passes for a particular location formatted as JSON. As input it expects a latitude/longitude pair, altitude and how many results to return. All fields are required.

We can do this by adding an optional keyword argument, params, to our request. In this case, there are two parameters we need to pass:

• lat -- The latitude of the location we want.
• lon -- The longitude of the location we want.

Perform the following tasks :

• Set parameters to reflect the lat and long of New York (40.71, -74)
• Send a get request to Open Notify passing in the lat long parameters as k:v pairs in a dictionary
• Check the status code and interpret
• Print the header information and the returned content

# Your Code Here

# Check the API and interpret your results - when will ISS pass over NEW York next ?

In this lesson, we saw how we can use request and response methods to query an Open API. We also saw how to look at the contents returned with the API calls and how to parse them. Next, we'll look at connecting to APIs which are not OPEN, i.e. we would need to pass in some authentication information and filter the results.