Status | Supported Boards | Download | Documentation | Contributing | Differences from Micropython | Project Structure
Adafruit CircuitPython is an open source derivative of MicroPython for use on educational development boards designed and sold by Adafruit.
CircuitPython, a MicroPython derivative, implements Python 3.x on microcontrollers such as the SAMD21 and ESP8266.
This project is in beta. Most APIs should be stable going forward.
- Adafruit CircuitPlayground Express
- Adafruit Feather M0 Express
- Adafruit Metro M0 Express
- Adafruit Gemma M0
- Adafruit Trinket M0
- Adafruit Feather HUZZAH
- Adafruit Feather M0 Basic
- Adafruit Feather M0 Bluefruit LE (uses M0 Basic binaries)
- Adafruit Feather M0 Adalogger (MicroSD card not supported yet.)
- Arduino Zero
Official binaries are available through the latest GitHub releases. Continuous (one per commit) builds are available here and includes experimental hardware support.
Guides and videos are available through the Adafruit Learning System under the CircuitPython category and MicroPython category. An API reference is also available on Read the Docs.
See CONTRIBUTING.md for full guidelines but please be aware that by contributing to this project you are agreeing to the Code of Conduct. Contributors who follow the Code of Conduct are welcome to submit pull requests and they will be promptly reviewed by project admins. Please join the Gitter chat or Discord too.
Differences from MicroPython
CircuitPython:
- includes a port for Atmel SAMD21 (Commonly known as M0 in Adafruit product names.)
- supports only Atmel SAMD21 and ESP8266 ports.
- tracks MicroPython's releases (not master).
- The order that files are run and the state that is shared between them.
CircuitPython's goal is to clarify the role of each file and make each
file independent from each other.
boot.py
(orsettings.py
) runs only once on start up before USB is initialized. This lays the ground work for configuring USB at startup rather than it being fixed. Since serial is not available, output is written toboot_out.txt
.code.py
(ormain.py
) is run after every reload until it finishes or is interrupted. After it is done running, the vm and hardware is reinitialized. This means you cannot read state fromcode.py
in the REPL anymore. CircuitPython's goal for this change includes reduce confusion about pins and memory being used.- After
code.py
the REPL can be entered by pressing any key. It no longer shares state withcode.py
so it is a fresh vm. - Autoreload state will be maintained across reload.
- Adds a safe mode that does not run user code after a hard crash or brown out. The hope is that this will make it easier to fix code that causes nasty crashes by making it available through mass storage after the crash. A reset (the button) is needed after its fixed to get back into normal mode.
- Unified hardware APIs:
audioio
,analogio
,busio
,digitalio
,pulseio
,touchio
,microcontroller
,board
,bitbangio
(Only available on atmel-samd21 and ESP8266 currently.) - No
machine
API on Atmel SAMD21 port.
- No module aliasing. (
uos
andutime
are not available asos
andtime
respectively.) Insteados
,time
, andrandom
are CPython compatible. - New
storage
module which manages file system mounts. (Functionality fromuos
in MicroPython.) - Modules with a CPython counterpart, such as
time
,os
andrandom
, are strict subsets of their CPython version. Therefore, code from CircuitPython is runnable on CPython but not necessarily the reverse. - tick count is available as
time.monotonic()
- RGB status LED
- Auto-reload after file write over mass storage. (Disable with
samd.disable_autoreload()
) - Wait state after boot and main run, before REPL.
- Main is one of these:
code.txt
,code.py
,main.py
,main.txt
- Boot is one of these:
settings.txt
,settings.py
,boot.py
,boot.txt
Here is an overview of the top-level source code directories.
The core code of MicroPython is shared amongst ports including CircuitPython:
docs
High level user documentation in Sphinx reStructuredText format.drivers
External device drivers written in Python.examples
A few example Python scripts.extmod
Shared C code used in multiple ports' modules.lib
Shared core C code including externally developed libraries such as FATFS.logo
The MicroPython logo.mpy-cross
A cross compiler that converts Python files to byte code prior to being run in MicroPython. Useful for reducing library size.py
Core Python implementation, including compiler, runtime, and core library.shared-bindings
Shared definition of Python modules, their docs and backing C APIs. Ports must implement the C API to support the corresponding module.shared-module
Shared implementation of Python modules that may be based oncommon-hal
.supervisor
Code and headers related to the supervisor which monitors and runs individual MicroPython virtual machines (from code inpy
).tests
Test framework and test scripts.tools
Various tools, including the pyboard.py module.
Ports include the code unique to a microcontroller line and also variations based on the board.
atmel-samd
Support for SAMD21 based boards such as Arduino Zero, Adafruit Feather M0 Basic, and Adafruit Feather M0 Bluefruit LE.bare-arm
A bare minimum version of MicroPython for ARM MCUs.cc3200
Support for boards based CC3200 from TI such as the WiPy 1.0.esp8266
Support for boards based on ESP8266 WiFi modules such as the Adafruit Feather HUZZAH.minimal
A minimal MicroPython port. Start with this if you want to port MicroPython to another microcontroller.pic16bit
Support for 16-bit PIC microcontrollers.qemu-arm
Support for ARM emulation through QEMU.stmhal
Support for boards based on STM32 microcontrollers including the MicroPython flagship PyBoard.teensy
Support for the Teensy line of boards such as the Teensy 3.1.unix
Support for UNIX.windows
Support for Windows.zephyr
Support for Zephyr, a real-time operating system by the Linux Foundation.
CircuitPython only maintains the atmel-samd
and esp8266
ports. The
rest are here to maintain compatibility with the
MicroPython parent project.