The Geolocate program is a C# console application that allows the user to enter an IP address and obtain geolocation information related to that IP, such as country, city, region, coordinates, ASN (Autonomous System Number), and postal code. The application uses the ipinfo.io service to fetch the data and presents it to the user in an organized manner.

The code is structured into two main classes: Data and Program.

The Data class is used to model the data returned by the ipinfo.io API. It contains the following properties:

• City (string): Represents the city associated with the IP address.
• Region (string): Represents the region (state or province) associated with the IP address.
• Country (string): Represents the country associated with the IP address.
• Loc (string): Represents the latitude and longitude coordinates associated with the IP address.
• Org (string): Represents the organization (ASN) associated with the IP address.
• Postal (string): Represents the postal code associated with the IP address.

The Program class contains the Main method, which is the entry point of the application, and an additional GetIpInfoAsync method to obtain information about the IP.

Main Method

1. Sets the console window title to "Geolocate".
2. Prompts the user to enter an IP address.
3. Checks if the entered IP is not empty or invalid.
4. Calls the GetIpInfoAsync method to get the geolocation information of the IP.
5. If the information is successfully retrieved, it is displayed in the console in a clear and organized manner.
6. If an error occurs, an appropriate error message is displayed.

GetIpInfoAsync Method

1. Builds the URL to call the ipinfo.io API.
2. Uses HttpClient to make a GET request to the API.
3. Checks if the API response is successful.
4. Deserializes the JSON response into a Data object.
5. Returns the Data object containing the geolocation information.
6. In case of an error, catches specific exceptions and displays appropriate error messages.

The user is prompted to enter an IP address through the console. The program validates that the input is not empty before proceeding.

The API call is made using the HttpClient library as follows:

• The URL is dynamically constructed based on the IP entered by the user.
• The GET request is made asynchronously.
• The EnsureSuccessStatusCode method is used to ensure that the response is successful (status code 2xx).

• The API response, which is in JSON format, is read as a string.
• The JSON string is deserialized into a Data class object using JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Data> from the Newtonsoft.Json library.

The deserialized data is displayed in the console. The information displayed includes:

• Country
• City
• Region
• Coordinates
• ASN (Organization)
• Postal Code

The latitude and longitude coordinates are used to create a link to Google Maps, allowing the user to view the location on a map.

The program is robust in terms of error handling, including:

• Validation of invalid inputs.
• Catching HTTP request exceptions (HttpRequestException).
• Catching general exceptions for other types of errors.

• .NET Core SDK installed on the system.
• Internet access to make requests to the ipinfo.io API.

1. Clone the repository or copy the source code to your development environment.
2. Navigate to the project directory in the terminal.
3. Restore dependencies with the command dotnet restore.
4. Build the project with the command dotnet build.
5. Run the program with the command dotnet run.

dotnet run
Enter IP address: 8.8.8.8

[+] Request Successfully Made
Country: US
City: Mountain View
Region: California
Coordinates: 37.3860,-122.0838
ASN: AS15169 Google LLC
Postal Code: 94035
Google Maps: https://www.google.com/maps/?q=37.3860,-122.0838

This program demonstrates the basic use of HttpClient to make HTTP requests, the use of third-party libraries for JSON deserialization, and good error-handling practices in C# console applications. It serves as a solid base for those who want to learn about integrating with external APIs and manipulating data in C#.