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xforth's Introduction

lbForth Lite

This is a Forth cross compiler for tiny devices. It's based on lbForth. Supported targets are 8051, AVR, Cortex-M, MSP430, PIC, and STM8. There's also support for some classic machines: 6502 and PDP-8.

This is a temporary battleground to get things up and running. I expect to fold the finished result back into lbForth.

The targets are tested using these simulators: naken_asm, uCsim, simulavr, gpsim, simh, and thumbulator. The status of the tests is: Test

The compiler is suitable for parts with 1K program memory and 64 bytes RAM. The kernel code occupies 100-500 bytes, and it's recommended to reserve about 24 bytes for the stacks. At this size, only a bare minimum of Forth words are supported. All targets come with a prefix assembler with its own unique syntax.

There is no resident interpreter or compiler in the target. Things are set up to provide target interaction through tethered operation, but it's not implemented yet. For now, the output is a flat binary file. ELF or Intel hex format can be made available on request.

The assemblers, compiler, and kernel are written in Forth and are all very simple. The user is encouraged to make modifications as see fit.

Manual

See here.

Glossary

Compile-time words:

: ; [ ] CONSTANT VARIABLE CODE END-CODE
['] [CHAR] LITERAL
IF THEN ELSE AHEAD BEGIN AGAIN UNTIL WHILE REPEAT

Run-time words:

COLD WARM
! C! @ C@ +!
DROP NIP DUP ?DUP SWAP OVER
>R R> R@
+ - 2* 2/ INVERT NEGATE AND OR XOR 1+ 1- CELL+
0= 0< 0<> = <>

xforth's People

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xforth's Issues

DOES>

Add support for DOES>.

Block wordset

Add library for traditional blocks. Maybe adjust block size as required by flash sectors.

Docker Image instead of `test/deps.sh`

I'm trying to build a Docker image that contains the dependencies in test/deps.sh. However, I fail to understand the environment dependencies:

root@4481fedadce4:/xForth.git/trunk# sh -e test/deps.sh
+ install_lbforth
+ test -f /root/bin/forth
+ cd lbForth
test/deps.sh: 5: cd: can't cd to lbForth

I guess that this has is related with a Travis-CI environment dependency ($HOME). Help in understanding the assumptions and dependencies of test/deps.sh would be appreciated!

Z80, Rabbit

The Z80 still enjoys some popularity.

Contemporary parts include Z8, eZ8, eZ80, Z810, Rabbit.

MS - millisecond delay

It would be very useful for applications to have the MS word available.

Perhaps there should be a bsp directory with files for board support packages.

DEFER

Add DEFER, IS, ACTION-OF, DEFER@, and DEFER!.

A deferred word should probably compile to a single jump instruction.

IS should work at both compile time and run time.

Target resident interpreter

Add optional library with an interpreter. Just interpretation, no compilation mode.

Depends on UART (#52), or other character I/O.

Timers

Add library for accessing timers.

6809

A perennial favourite.

Tethered operation

Add features to write the image into a connected target.

Two varietes spring to mind:

  • Bare metal. Program though JTAG/UART/what have you.
  • Live Forth. Send commands to a target-resident Forth.

Add UART I/O

Add library for using an UART on targets that have it.

USB

USB stack. Phew!

Hardware testing

  • 8051
    • C8051F330: Silicon Labs ToolStick
  • AVR
    • ATtiny85: Adafruit Trinket
    • ATtiny13A: Cheepit Sparrow
    • ATmega328P: on breadboard
  • Cortex-M
    • STM32L011K4T6 Cortex-M0+: STM Nucleo-32
  • MSP430
    • TI Launchpad
      • MSP430F2012IN
      • MSP430G2452IN23
      • MSP430G2553IN20
  • PIC
    • PIC16F1619: Microchip Curiosity DM164137
  • STM8
    • STM8S103F3P6 : noname breakout board

Fall-through optimization

Where applicable, make negate fall through into 1+.

: negate   invert [  \ Fall through, no ;
: 1+   1 + ;

Potential targets

8-bit devices:

  • 6502
  • 68HC05/08/RS08
  • 8051
  • AVR
  • H8/300L
  • PIC (just midrange for now)
  • ST6
  • STM8

16-bit devices:

  • MSP430
  • PIC24 (dsPIC)
  • MAXQ20
  • R8C
  • RL78
  • H8/300H
  • 68HC11/12
  • 68HC16
  • C166/C167/ST10/XE2000

32-bit devices:

  • Cortex-M, in particular M0
  • Xtensa (ESP8266)
  • RISC-V
  • PIC32 (MIPS)
  • ARC
  • ColdFire
  • MicroBlaze

Digital I/O

Optional library for digital I/O.

Unclear what kind of abstraction might work across many targets.

Simulators

This isn't really an issue, but it's convenient to make notes here.

  • 6502
    • naken (beta)
  • 68HC08 / RS08?
  • 68HC11
    • binutils/gdb
  • 8051
    • emu8051
    • ucsim
  • AVR
    • simulavr
    • naken
    • ucsim
  • ColdFire
    • qemu
    • coldfire
  • H8/300
    • binutils/gdb
  • MSP430
    • naken
  • Nova
    • simh
  • PDP-8
    • simh
  • PDP-10
    • simh
  • PDP-11
    • simh
  • PIC
    • gpsim
  • RL78
    • binutils/gdb
  • RX
    • binutils/gdb
    • softgun
  • STM8
    • ucsim
  • V850
    • binutils/gdb
  • Xtensa
    • qemu
  • Z80
    • ucsim

Multitasking

Add words for multitasking. TASK, PAUSE, etc. User variables?

Improved test

The test should be improved.

  • Cover all run-time words
  • Check more than one invocation
  • Ensure stack depth isn't off after execution of each word

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