Metsu

Interpreter for Metsu language

The Metsu language and its documentation is very much a work in progress.

Interesting Features

Integral constants of different bases:
- Binary: 1294 = 0b10100001110
- Quaternary (base-4): 1294 = 0q110032
- Octal: 1294 = 0o2416
- Decimal: 1294 = 1294
- Hexadecimal: 1294 = 0x50E
- Duotridecimal (base-32): 1294 = 0v18E
- Hexatridecimal (base-36): 1294 = 0zZY
First Class Functions
- Functions can be assigned to variables.
- Functions can be passed as parameters to other functions.
- Functions can be returned from other functions.
Variable Mutablility:
- Variables are immutable by default
- One can make variables mutable by default by typing #mutable at the top of the file

Style

Metsu uses a C-style syntax with statements being terminated with a semicolon and code blocks contained within braces.

Control flow is accomplished with the if, else, for, do, and while keywords.

Paradigm

Metsu is currently a procedural/imperative language.

Unless inside a function definition, code is interpreted as it is encountered.

Examples

Hello World

io.println("Hello, world!");

Output: Hello, world!

Pascal's Combination

// Calculate the combination function C(n,k) via recursion using recursion ideas of Pascal's Triangle.
int pascals_combination(int n, int k)
{
  if ((k == 0) || (k == n))
  {
    return 1;
  }

  return pascals_combination(n - 1, k - 1) + pascals_combination(n - 1, k);
}

// Print the 4th row of Pascal's Triangle.  (n=0 is the first row)
io.println("The 4th row of Pascal's Triangle:");
io.println(pascals_combination(3,0));
io.println(pascals_combination(3,1));
io.println(pascals_combination(3,2));
io.println(pascals_combination(3,3));

Output:

The 4th row of Pascal's Triangle:
1
3
3
1

Data Types

Type Name	Description	Special Values
`Null`	Null value	`null`
`bool`	Boolean value	`true`, `false`
`int`	Integer value
`float`	Single-precision floating-point value
`char`	Character value
`string`	String value
`obj`	Object value
`void`	Absence of a value. Used exclusively for the return type of functions that do not return any value.

Operators

bool

Operator	Name	Description
`!`	Logical NOT	Returns the inverse boolean value to the value right of the operator. Returns boolean.
`&&`	Logical AND	Returns `true` if both values to right and left of operator are `true`, returns `false` otherwise. Returns boolean.
`\|\|`	Logical OR	Returns `false` if both values to right and left of operator are `false`, returns `true` otherwise. Returns boolean.

int

Operator	Name	Description
`+`	Integer Add	Adds two integers together. Returns an integer
`-`	Integer Subtract	Subtracts integer right of the operator from integer left of the operator. Returns an integer.
`*`	Integer Multiply	Multiplies two integers together. Returns an integer.
`/`	Integer Divide	Divides integer left of the operator by integer right of the operator. Returns an integer.
`%`	Integer Modulo	Returns the remainder of an integer division. Returns an integer.
`>`	Greater Than	Returns `true` if value on the left is greater than value on the right of operator. Returns a boolean.
`<`	Less Than	Returns `true` if value on the left is less than value on the right of operator. Returns a boolean.
`>=`	Greater Than Equal To	Returns `true` if value on the left is greater than or equal to value on the right of operator. Returns a boolean.
`<=`	Less Than Equal To	Returns `true` if value on the left is less than or equal to value on the right of operator. Returns a boolean.
`==`	Equal To	Returns `true` if value on the left is equal to value on the right of operator. Returns a boolean.
`!=`	Not Equal	Returns `true` if value on the left is not equal to value on the right of operator. Returns a boolean.

float

Operator	Name	Description
`+`	Floating Point Add	Adds two floats together. Returns an float.
`-`	Floating Point Subtract	Subtracts float right of the operator from float left of the operator. Returns an float.
`*`	Floating Point Multiply	Multiplies two floats together. Returns an float.
`/`	Floating Point Divide	Divides float left of the operator by integer right of the operator. Returns an float.
`%`	Floating Point Modulo	Returns the remainder of an float division. Returns an float.
`>`	Greater Than	Returns `true` if value on the left is greater than value on the right of operator. Returns a boolean.
`<`	Less Than	Returns `true` if value on the left is less than value on the right of operator. Returns a boolean.
`>=`	Greater Than Equal To	Returns `true` if value on the left is greater than or equal to value on the right of operator. Returns a boolean.
`<=`	Less Than Equal To	Returns `true` if value on the left is less than or equal to value on the right of operator. Returns a boolean.
`==`	Equal To	Returns `true` if value on the left is equal to value on the right of operator. Returns a boolean.
`!=`	Not Equal	Returns `true` if value on the left is not equal to value on the right of operator. Returns a boolean.

char

Operator	Name	Description
`+`	Character Concat	Concatenates two characters together into a string. Returns a string.

string

Operator	Name	Description
`+`	String Concat	Concatenates two strings together. Returns a string.

obj

Operator	Name	Description
`.`	Object Accessor	Accesses the property to the right of the operator of the object to the left of the operator. Returns any type.

Standard Modules

chrono

Function	Description
`int second()`	Returns the second field of the present time. The range of the returned value is [0, 60]. (A value of 60 only appears during a leap second.)
`int minute()`	Returns the minute field of the present time. The range of the returned value is [0, 59].
`int hour()`	Returns the hour field of the present time. The range of the returned value is [0, 23].
`int day()`	Returns the day field of the present date. The range of the returned value is [1, 31].
`int month()`	Returns the month field of the present date. The range of the returned value is [1, 12].
`int year()`	Returns the year field of the present date.
`void sleep(int ms)`	Puts the program to sleep for ms milliseconds.
`void sleep_second()`	Puts the program to sleep for 1 second.

io

Function	Description
`void print(val)`	Converts val to a string and prints that string to the console.
`void println(val)`	Converts val to a string and prints that string to the console.
`string readln()`	Reads line of characters from the console and returns them as a string.
`void clearConsole()`	Clears the console.
`void consoleBackgroundColor(int color)`	Changes the background color of the console to color.
`void consoleTextColor(int color)`	Changes the foreground color of the console to color.
`string readTextFile(string path)`	Opens the file located at path as a text file and returns the contents as a string.
`void writeTextFile(string path, string contents)`	Creates a text file at path and writes contents to that file.

math

Function	Description
`int randomInt(int a, int b)`	Returns an integer uniform deviate in the range of [a,b). a may be returned, but b cannot be returned.
`int randomInt()`	Synonymous with `randomInt(0, 2147483648)`.
`float randomFloat()`	Returns a floating point uniform deviate in the range of [0, 1.0)
`int round(float f)`	Rounds floating-point value f to an integer, and rounds midpoint values to the nearest integer.
`int floor(float f)`	Returns the largest integer value less than or equal to f.
`int ceiling(float f)`	Returns the largest integer value greater than or equal to f.
`float sin(float theta)`	Returns the sine of the specified angle theta.
`float cos(float theta)`	Returns the cosine of the specified angle theta.
`float tan(float theta)`	Returns the tangent of the specified angle theta.
`float asin(float a)`	Returns the angle whose sine is the specified number a.
`float acos(float a)`	Returns the angle whose cosine is the specified number a.
`float atan(float a)`	Returns the angle whose tangent is the specified number a.
`float atan2(float y, float x)`	Returns the angle whose tangent is the quotient specified numbers y and x.

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newlanginterpreter's Introduction

Metsu

Interesting Features

Style

Paradigm

Examples

Hello World

Pascal's Combination

Data Types

Operators

bool

int

float

char

string

obj

Standard Modules

chrono

io

math

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