Crash dumps can help figure out why the game crashes. Noita_dev.exe creates crash dumps in the crashes/ folder, but for some reason this is not enabled for Noita.exe.

This Noita mod enables crash dumps for any version of Noita. (GOG/ Humble/Steam, including older versions.)

Dumps are placed in Noita/crashes/minidump_[YEAR-MONTH-DAY]T[TIME].dmp.

WinDbg seems better for analysing crash dumps with no debugging information. Unlike Visual Studio, it can reconstruct the call stack.

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/dxtecharts/crash-dump-analysis#debugging-a-minidump-with-windbg

In WinDbg can use CTRL+I to load the executable if Noita.exe is not in the same path as the computer where the crashdump was created.