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bash's Introduction

玩转Bash脚本

Linux/Unix下最流行的shell脚本----Bash的个人学习记录

前言

Bash全称Bourne Again Shell,之所以称为再次Again,是因为在此之前有一个流行的Unix下的Shell,名为Bourne Shell
Bash脚本可以用狭义和广义两个角度来理解:

  • 狭义角度讲,Bash是一门编程语言,更为确切的说是一种脚本语言。
  • 广义角度讲,Bash包括内嵌命令和外部命令,比如sed,grep等等。




Shell

Shell直译为的意思,与kernel内核相对。内核是管理计算机所有硬件的总控制机构,操作系统不允许用户直接对硬件进行操作,因此我们要与系统底层进行交互,就需要Shell,Shell接收用户输入的命令,然后去和内核进行通信,从而控制系统底层。比如Windows系统中的cmd也属于一种Shell。

泛泛而言,Shell不仅仅指代与计算机底层进行交互的壳。基本上所有提供用户与某种内核进行交互的软件都可称为壳,这里的内核不单指系统内核。比如Python中,我们有一个IDLE,这个就可称为Python的Shell。另外,MATLAB软件的主窗口也提供了命令的交互功能,这就是用户与MATLAB软件内核交互的Shell。

快捷键

Ctrl加:

按键 描述
c 结束当前任务
z 暂停当前任务,并放到后台
s 停止屏幕输出
q 恢复屏幕输出
l 清屏
d EOF标准输入结束符
以上皆为Ctrl组合键。

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