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opencvmatching's Introduction

OpenCV特征匹配

引用自博客

特征获取(Feature extraction)

很多的低级特征,例如边,角,团,脊会比一个像素的灰度值所带有的信息多的多。在不同的应用,一些特征会比其它特征更加的有用。一旦想好我们想要的特征的构成,我们就要想办法在图片里找到我们想要的特征。

特征检测(Feature detection)

在图片里找到我们感兴趣的区域的过程就叫做特征检测。OpenCV中提供了多个特征检测算法:

Harris corner detection: 角点时在所有方向像素变化剧烈的点,Harris和Stephens提出了检测这样区域的快速的方法。opencv:cv2.cornerHarris Shi-Tomasi corner detection:通常比Harris方法更优,他们查找N个最强的角点。opencv:cv2.goodFeaturesToTrack Scale-Invariant Feature Transform(SIFT):在图像大小改变时角点检测的效果就不好了,Lowe提出了一个描述图像里与角度大小无关的关键点的方法。在opencv3中,SIFT在contrib模块里,ubuntu环境安装opencv_contrib的方法见我写的教程。windows的话,opencv3.2中集成了contrib,可以在这里找到对应的whl文件通过pip安装即可。opencv2:cv2.SIFT,opencv3:cv2.xfeatures2d.SIFT_create() Speeded-Up Robust Features(SURF):SIFT是一个很好的方法,但是对于大部分应用来说,它不够快。SURF将SIFT中的Laplacian of a Gaussian(LOG)用一个方框滤波(box filter)代替。opencv2:cv2.SURF,opencv3:cv2.xfeatures2d.SURF_create() OpenCV支持很多的特征描述,包括Features fromAccelerated Segment Test (FAST), Binary Robust IndependentElementary Features (BRIEF), Oriented FAST,Rotated BRIEF(ORB)。

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