This is the sscanf
plugin, which provides the sscanf
function to extract basic structured data from strings. This is slightly different to regular expressions, but both have their place. A regular expression gives you total control over the exact structure of data down to the character level; however, extracting structured data like numbers using it is tricky. Conversely this gives slightly higher-level "specifiers" which can easily extract data types, at the expense of fine-grained control. To convert a string in to two numbers would look like:
new num1, num2;
sscanf("45 100", "ii", num1, num2);
ii
is the specifier string, which here means "integer integer"; stating that the input string should be two whole numbers in a row (which is - "45 100"
). num1
and num2
are the destination variables to store the found numbers in (after conversion from strings). You can check if the conversion failed by looking for a non-naught return value:
new num1, num2;
if (sscanf("hello 100", "ii", num1, num2))
{
printf("The input was not two numbers.");
}
This will fail because "hello"
is not a whole number (or indeed any type of number at all). For more information on using the function refer to the tutorials or the reference documentation below:
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Contents
- 3 Downloads
- 4 Use
- 4.1 Scripting
- 4.2 open.mp
- 4.3 SA:MP Windows
- 4.4 SA:MP Linux
- 4.5 NPC Modes
- 5 Tutorials
- 5.1
/sendcash
Command - 5.2 INI Parser
- 5.1
- 6 Specifiers
- 6.1 Strings
- 6.2 Packed Strings
- 6.3 Arrays
- 6.4 Enums
- 6.5 Provided Lengths
- 6.6 Quiet
- 6.7 Searches
- 6.8 Enums
- 6.9 Delimiters
- 6.10 Optional specifiers
- 6.11 Users
- 6.12 Custom (kustom) specifiers
- 6.13 Colours
- 7 Options
- 7.1 OLD_DEFAULT_NAME:
- 7.2 MATCH_NAME_PARTIAL:
- 7.3 CELLMIN_ON_MATCHES:
- 7.4 SSCANF_QUIET:
- 7.5 OLD_DEFAULT_KUSTOM:
- 7.6 SSCANF_ALPHA:
- 7.7 SSCANF_COLOUR_FORMS:
- 7.8 SSCANF_ARGB:
- 7.9 MATCH_NAME_FIRST:
- 7.10 MATCH_NAME_SIMILARITY:
- 8 All Specifiers
- 9 Full API
- 9.1
sscanf(const data[], const format[], {Float, _}:...);
- 9.2
unformat(const data[], const format[], {Float, _}:...);
- 9.3
SSCANF_Option(const name[], value);
- 9.4
SSCANF_Option(const name[]);
- 9.5
SSCANF_SetOption(const name[], value);
- 9.6
SSCANF_GetOption(const name[], value);
- 9.7
SSCANF_Version(version[], size = sizeof (version));
- 9.8
SSCANF_Version();
- 9.9
SSCANF_VersionString(version[], size = sizeof (version));
- 9.10
SSCANF_VersionBCD();
- 9.11
SSCANF_Levenshtein(const string1[], const string2[]);
- 9.12
Float:SSCANF_TextSimilarity(const string1[], const string2[]);
- 9.13
SSCANF_GetClosestString(const input[], const candidates[][], threshold = cellmax, count = sizeof (candidates));
- 9.14
SSCANF_GetClosestValue(const input[], const candidates[][], const results[], fail = cellmin, threshold = cellmax, count = sizeof (candidates), check = sizeof (results));
- 9.15
SSCANF_GetSimilarString(const input[], const candidates[][], Float:threshold = 0.111111, count = sizeof (candidates));
- 9.16
SSCANF_GetSimilarValue(const input[], const candidates[][], const results[], fail = cellmin, Float:threshold = 0.111111, count = sizeof (candidates), check = sizeof (results));
- 9.17
SSCANF_VERSION_STRING
- 9.18
SSCANF_VERSION_BCD
- 9.19
SSCANF_VERSION
- 9.20
SSCANF_NO_K_VEHICLE
- 9.21
SSCANF_NO_K_WEAPON
- 9.22
SSCANF_NO_NICE_FEATURES
- 9.1
- 10
extract
- 11 Similarity
- 12 Errors/Warnings
- 12.1 MSVRC100.dll not found
- 12.2 sscanf error: System not initialised
- 12.3 sscanf warning: String buffer overflow.
- 12.4 sscanf warning: Optional types invalid in array specifiers, consider using 'A'.
- 12.5 sscanf warning: Optional types invalid in enum specifiers, consider using 'E'.
- 12.6 sscanf error: Multi-dimensional arrays are not supported.
- 12.7 sscanf error: Search strings are not supported in arrays.
- 12.8 sscanf error: Delimiters are not supported in arrays.
- 12.9 sscanf error: Quiet sections are not supported in arrays.
- 12.10 sscanf error: Unknown format specifier '?'.
- 12.11 sscanf warning: Empty default values.
- 12.12 sscanf warning: Unclosed default value.
- 12.13 sscanf warning: No default value found.
- 12.14 sscanf warning: Unenclosed specifier parameter.
- 12.15 sscanf warning: No specified parameter found.
- 12.16 sscanf warning: Missing string length end.
- 12.17 sscanf warning: Missing length end.
- 12.18 sscanf error: Invalid data length.
- 12.19 sscanf error: Invalid character in data length.
- 12.20 sscanf error: String/array must include a length, please add a destination size.
- 12.21 sscanf warning: Can't have nestled quiet sections.
- 12.22 sscanf warning: Not in a quiet section.
- 12.23 sscanf warning: Can't remove quiet in enum.
- 12.24 sscanf error: Arrays are not supported in enums.
- 12.25 sscanf warning: Unclosed string literal.
- 12.26 sscanf warning: sscanf specifiers do not require '%' before them.
- 12.27 sscanf error: Insufficient default values.
- 12.28 sscanf error: Options are not supported in enums.
- 12.29 sscanf error: Options are not supported in arrays.
- 12.30 sscanf error: No option value.
- 12.31 sscanf error: Unknown option name.
- 12.32 sscanf warning: Could not find function SSCANF:?.
- 12.33 sscanf error: SSCANF_Init has incorrect parameters.
- 12.34 sscanf error: SSCANF_Join has incorrect parameters.
- 12.35 sscanf error: SSCANF_Leave has incorrect parameters.
- 12.36 sscanf error: SSCANF_IsConnected has incorrect parameters.
- 12.37 sscanf error: SSCANF_Version has incorrect parameters.
- 12.38 sscanf error: SSCANF_Option has incorrect parameters.
- 12.39 sscanf error: SetPlayerName has incorrect parameters.
- 12.40 sscanf error: Missing required parameters.
- 12.41
fatal error 111: user error: sscanf already defined, or used before inclusion.
- 12.42
error 004: function "sscanf" is not implemented
- 12.43
error 004: function "sscanf" is not implemented - include <sscanf2> first.
- 12.44 sscanf error: Pawn component not loaded.
- 12.45 sscanf warning: Unknown
player->setName()
return. - 12.46 sscanf error: This script was built with the component version of the include.
- 13 Future Plans
- 13.1 Reserved Specifiers
- 13.2 Alternates
- 13.3 Enums And Arrays
- 13.4 Compilation
- 14 Building
- 14.1 Getting The Code
- 14.2 Building On Windows
- 14.3 Building On Linux
- 14.4 Building With Docker
- 15 License
- 15.1 Version: MPL 1.1
- 15.2 Contributor(s):
- 15.3 Special Thanks to:
- 16 Changelog
- 15.1 sscanf 2.8.2 - 18/04/2015
- 15.2 sscanf 2.8.3 - 02/10/2018
- 15.3 sscanf 2.9.0 - 04/11/2019
- 15.4 sscanf 2.10.0 - 27/06/2020
- 15.5 sscanf 2.10.1 - 27/06/2020
- 15.6 sscanf 2.10.2 - 28/06/2020
- 15.7 sscanf 2.10.3 - 28/04/2021
- 15.8 sscanf 2.10.4 - 17/01/2022
- 15.9 sscanf 2.11.1 - 25/01/2022
- 15.9 sscanf 2.11.2 - 04/02/2022
- 15.10 sscanf 2.11.3 - 05/02/2022
- 15.10 sscanf 2.11.4 - 02/03/2022
- 15.11 sscanf 2.11.5 - 31/03/2022
- 15.12 sscanf 2.12.1 - 05/05/2022
- 15.13 sscanf 2.12.2 - 11/05/2022
- 15.14 sscanf 2.13.1 - 25/06/2022
- 15.15 sscanf 2.13.2 - 07/09/2022
- 15.16 sscanf 2.13.3 - 04/12/2022
- 15.17 sscanf 2.13.4 - 20/12/2022
- 15.18 sscanf 2.13.5 - 28/12/2022
- 15.19 sscanf 2.13.6 - 28/12/2022
- 15.20 sscanf 2.13.7 - 02/01/2023
- 15.21 sscanf 2.13.8 - 05/01/2023
GitHub repo:
https://github.com/Y-Less/sscanf/
This behaves exactly as the old sscanf did, just MUCH faster and much more flexibly. To use it add:
#include <sscanf2>
To your modes and remove the old sscanf (the new include will detect the old version and throw an error if it is detected).
The basic code looks like:
if (sscanf(params, "ui", giveplayerid, amount))
{
return SendClientMessage(playerid, 0xFF0000AA, "Usage: /givecash <playerid/name> <amount>");
}
However it should be noted that sscanf can be used for any text processing you like. For example an ini processor could look like (don't worry about what the bits mean at this stage):
if (sscanf(szFileLine, "p<=>s[8]s[32]", szIniName, szIniValue))
{
printf("Invalid INI format line");
}
There is also an alternate function name to avoid confusion with the C standard sscanf:
if (unformat(params, "ui", giveplayerid, amount))
{
return SendClientMessage(playerid, 0xFF0000AA, "Usage: /givecash <playerid/name> <amount>");
}
The sscanf
binary (sscanf.dll
on Windows, or sscanf.so
on Linux) works as both a legacy (SA:MP) plugin or an open.mp component. The recommended method is to use it as a component - just place the file in the components
directory in the server root and open.mp will load it automatically.
If you wish to use it as a legacy plugin for some reason (there is no need if you are on version 2.12.1
or higher) place it in the plugins
directory in the open.mp server root and either follow the SA:MP-specific instructions for server.cfg
on your platform or add "sscanf"
to "pawn.legacy_plugins"
in config.json
:
{
"pawn":
{
"legacy_plugins":
[
"sscanf"
]
}
}
Add sscanf
to the start of the plugins
line in server.cfg
. For example:
plugins sscanf streamer crashdetect
If there isn't a plugins
line already, add one:
plugins sscanf
You must also place sscanf.dll
in the plugins
subdirectory of the server. If there isn't a plugins
directory, create one.
Add sscanf.so
to the start of the plugins
line in server.cfg
. For example:
plugins sscanf.so streamer.so crashdetect.so
If there isn't a plugins
line already, add one:
plugins sscanf.so
You must also place sscanf.so
in the plugins
subdirectory of the server. If there isn't a plugins
directory, create one.
To use sscanf in an NPC mode save the plugin as amxsscanf.dll
(on Windows) or amxsscanf.so
(on Linux) in the same directory as samp-npc(.exe)
(i.e. the server root). This allows NPC modes to automatically find and load the library. The only tiny differences between this sscanf and the normal sscanf are that there are no prints; and u
, r
, and q
don't know if a user is a bot or not thus just assume they are all players.
Send some of your money to another player. This command allows you to specify the target player using their name or ID so you can type /sendcash Y_Less 500
to send me $500 (hint hint...), or /sendcash 27 12
to send $12 to whoever player ID 27 is. Note that if a player has a numeric name such as 69
you will have to use their ID only, typing that name will always select the player with ID 69, not the player with name "69":
YCMD:sendcash(playerid, params[], help)
{
if (help)
{
SendClientMessage(playerid, COLOUR_HELP, "Send money to another player. Usage: /sendcash <name/id> <amount>");
return 1;
}
new targetid, money;
if (sscanf(params, "ui", targetid, money) != 0)
{
SendClientMessage(playerid, COLOUR_HELP, "Missing parameters. Usage: /sendcash <name/id> <amount>");
return 1;
}
if (targetid == INVALID_PLAYER_ID)
{
SendClientMessage(playerid, COLOUR_HELP, "Unknown target player.");
return 1;
}
if (money > GetPlayerMoney(playerid))
{
SendClientMessage(playerid, COLOUR_HELP, "You don't have enough money.");
return 1;
}
GivePlayerMoney(playerid, -money);
GivePlayerMoney(targetid, money);
SendClientMessage(playerid, COLOUR_HELP, "You sent money.");
SendClientMessage(targetid, COLOUR_HELP, "You receieved money.");
return 1;
}
This very basic file reader uses sscanf to split the keys and values in an INI file by =
.
bool:ReadINIString(const filename[], const key[], &value)
{
new File:f = fopen(filename, io_read);
if (!f)
{
return false;
}
new line[128];
new k[32], v[96];
while ((fread(f, line)))
{
if (sscanf(line, "p<=>s[32]s[96]", k, v) == 0)
{
if (strcmp(key, k, true) == 0)
{
value = strval(v);
fclose(f);
return true;
}
}
}
fclose(f);
return false;
}
The basic specifiers (the letters u
, i
, s
etc. in the codes above) here. There are more advanced ones in a later table.
Specifier(s) | Name | Example values |
---|---|---|
i , d |
Integer | 1 , 42 , -10 |
c |
Character | a , o , * |
l |
Logical | true , false |
b |
Binary | 01001 , 0b1100 |
h , x |
Hex | 1A , 0x23 |
o |
Octal | 045 , 12 |
n |
Number | 42 , 0b010 , 0xAC , 045 |
f |
Float | 0.7 , -99.5 |
g |
IEEE Float | 0.7 , -99.5 , INFINITY , -INFINITY , NAN , NAN_E |
u |
User name/id (bots and players) | Y_Less , 0 |
q |
Bot name/id | ShopBot , 27 |
r |
Player name/id | Y_Less , 42 |
m |
Colour | {FF00AA} , 0xFFFFFFFF , 444 |
The specifier s
is used, as before, for strings - but they are now more advanced. As before they support collection, so doing:
sscanf("hello 27", "si", str, val);
Will give:
hello
27
Doing:
sscanf("hello there 27", "si", str, val);
Will fail as there
is not a number. However doing:
sscanf("hello there", "s", str);
Will give:
hello there
Because there is nothing after s
in the specifier, the string gets everything. To stop this simply add a space:
sscanf("hello there", "s ", str);
Will give:
hello
You can also escape parts of strings with \\
- note that this is two backslashes as 1 is used by the compiler:
sscanf("hello\\ there 27", "si", str, val);
Will give:
hello there
27
All these examples however will give warnings in the server as the new version has array sizes. The above code should be:
new
str[32],
val;
sscanf("hello\\ there 27", "s[32]i", str, val);
As you can see - the format specifier now contains the length of the target string, ensuring that you can never have your strings overflow and cause problems. This can be combined with the SA:MP compiler's stringizing:
#define STR_SIZE 32
new
str[STR_SIZE],
val;
sscanf("hello\\ there 27", "s
#STR_SIZE "]i", str, val);
Or better yet, you can now use [*]
to pass a string length as an additional parameter (see "Provided Lengths" below).
So when you change your string size you don't need to change your specifiers.
z
and Z
return packed strings. They are otherwise identical to s
and S
, so see the Strings
documentation above for more details.
One of the advanced new specifiers is a
, which creates an array, obviously. The syntax is similar to that of strings and, as you will see later, the delimiter code:
new
arr[5];
sscanf("1 2 3 4 5", "a<i>[5]", arr);
The a
specifier is immediately followed by a single type enclosed in angle brackets - this type can be any of the basic types listed above. It is the followed, as with strings now, by an array size. The code above will put the numbers 1 to 5 into the 5 indexes of the arr
array variable.
Arrays can now also be combined with strings (see below), specifying the string size in the array type:
a<s[10]>[12]
This will produce an array of 12 strings, each up to 10 characters long (9 + NULL). Optional string arrays still follow the optional array syntax:
A<s[10]>(hello)[12]
However, unlike numbers you can't specify a progression and have it fill up. This code:
A<i>(0, 1)[4]
Will by default produce:
0, 1, 2, 3
However, this code:
A<s[10]>(hi, there)[4]
Will by default produce:
"hi, there", "hi, there", "hi, there", "hi, there"
As normal, you can add brackets in to the default string value with \)
:
A<s[10]>(hi (code\))[4]
It should also be noted that there is NO length checking on default strings. If you do:
A<s[10]>(This is longer than 10 characters)[4]
You will probably just corrupt the PAWN stack. The length checking is to ensure no users enter malicious data; however, in this case it is up to the scripter to ensure that the data is correct as they are the only one affecting it and shouldn't be trying to crash their own server. Interestingly, arrays of strings actually also work with jagged arrays and arrays that have been shuffled by Slice's quicksort function (this isn't a side-effect, I specifically wrote them to do so).
This is possibly the most powerful addition to sscanf ever. This gives you the ability to define the structure of an enum within your specifier string and read any data straight into it. The format takes after that of arrays, but with more types - and you can include strings in enums (but not other enums or arrays):
enum
E_DATA
{
E_DATA_C,
Float:E_DATA_X,
E_DATA_NAME[32],
E_DATA_Z
}
main
{
new
var[E_DATA];
sscanf("1 12.0 Bob c", "e<ifs[32]c>", var);
}
Now I'll be impressed if you can read that code straight off, so I'll explain it slowly:
e - Start of the `enum` type
< - Starts the specification of the structure of the enum
i - An integer, corresponds with E_DATA_C
f - A float, corresponds with E_DATA_X
s[32] - A 32 cell string, corresponds with E_DATA_NAME
c - A character, corresponds with E_DATA_Z
> - End of the enum specification
Note that an enum doesn't require a size like arrays and strings - it's size is determined by the number and size of the types. Most, but not all, specifiers can be used inside enums (notably arrays and other enums can't be).
Both strings and arrays take a length, normally specified in the string with (say) s[32]
. However, this system has some extreme limitations - most notably macros. This code will not work:
#define LEN 32
sscanf(params, "s[LEN]", str);
This code will work:
#define LEN 32
sscanf(params, "s["#LEN"]", str);
But this code won't even compile due to a compiler issue stringifying brackets before version 3.10.11.
#define LEN (32)
sscanf(params, "s["#LEN"]", str);
This code will work, but is a bit awkward:
sscanf(params, "s[(32)]", str);
This code will compile, but then also won't work:
#define LEN 8*4
sscanf(params, "s["#LEN"]", str);
For this reason you can pass string and array lengths as additional parameters using *
for the length:
#define LEN 8*4
sscanf(params, "s[*]", LEN, str);
The lengths appear BEFORE the destination, arrays first then strings:
new int, arr[5][10], str[32];
sscanf(params, "ia<s[*]>[*]s[*]", int, sizeof (arr), sizeof (arr[]), arr, 32, str);
There are three main specifiers here - i
, a<s[*]>[*]
, and s[*]
; and each is handled entirely independently. So the first parameter (int
) is for i
, the next three (sizeof (arr), sizeof (arr[]), arr
) are for a<s[*]>[*]
, and the final two (32, str
) are for s[*]
. The first and last are easy to understand, the second one not so much. The sizes are in reverse order, outer to inner, so sizeof (arr)
is for the *
in the outer a<...>[*]
and sizeof (arr[])
is for the *
in the inner s[*]
Then the destination variable is given after all information about the specifier has been derived.
The same applies to strings in enums:
enum E_EXAMPLE
{
Float:FLOAT,
STR_1[32],
STR_2[64],
INT,
}
new dest[E_EXAMPLE];
sscanf(params, "e<fs[*]s[*]i>", _:STR_2 - _:STR_1, 64, dest);
And to arrays of users (see below):
new ids[3], i;
sscanf(params, "u[*]", sizeof (ids), ids);
This allows you to pass variable lengths if you don't want to use all of a string, and use the full power of the pre-processor to generate lengths at compile-time. It also bypasses the compiler stringise bug with brackets in strings. extract
(see below) now uses *
for all strings and arrays as well, so will similarly fully use the pre-processor.
The two new specifiers {
and }
are used for what are known as quiet
specifiers. These are inputs which are read and checked, but not saved. For example:
sscanf("42 -100", "{i}i", var);
Clearly there are two numbers and two i
, but only one return variable. This is because the first i
is quiet so is not saved, but affects the return value. The code above makes var
-100
. The code below will fail in an if check:
sscanf("hi -100", "{i}i", var);
Although the first integer is not saved it is still read - and hi
is not an integer. Quiet zones can be as long as you like, even for the whole string if you only want to check values are right, not save them:
sscanf("1 2 3", "i{ii}", var);
sscanf("1 2 3", "{iii}");
sscanf("1 2 3", "i{a<i>[2]}", var);
You can also embed quiet sections inside enum specifications:
sscanf("1 12.0 Bob 42 INFINITY c", "e<ifs[32]{ig}c>", var);
Quiet sections cannot contain other quiet sections, however they can include enums which contain quiet sections.
Searches were in the last version of sscanf too, but I'm explaining them again anyway. Strings enclosed in single quotes (') are scanned for in the main string and the position moved on. Note that to search for a single quote you escape it as above using \\
:
sscanf("10 11 woo 12", "i'woo'i", var0, var1);
Gives:
10
12
You could achieve the same effect with:
sscanf("10 11 woo 12", "i{is[1000]}i", var0, var1);
But that wouldn't check that the string was woo
. Also note the use of 1000
for the string size. Quiet strings must still have a length, but as they aren't saved anywhere you can make this number as large as you like to cover any eventuality. Enum specifications can include search strings.
This is a feature similar to quiet sections, which allows you to skip overwriting certain parts of an enum:
e<ii-i-ii>
Here the -
is a minus
, and tells sscanf that there is an enum element there, but not to do anything, so if you had:
enum E
{
E_A,
E_B,
E_C,
E_D,
E_E
}
And you only wanted to update the first two and the last fields and leave all others untouched you could use that specifier above. This way sscanf knows how to skip over the memory, and how much memory to skip. Note that this doesn't read anything, so you could also combine this with quiet sections:
e<ii-i-i{ii}i>
That will read two values and save them, skip over two memory locations, read two values and NOT save them, then read and save a last value. In this way you can have written down all the values for every slot in the enum, but have only used 3 of them. Note that this is the same with E
- if you do:
E<ii-i-ii>
You should ONLY specify THREE defaults, not all five:
E<ii-i-ii>(11, 22, 55)
The previous version of sscanf had p
to change the symbol used to separate tokens. This specifier still exists but it has been formalised to match the array and enum syntax. What was previously:
sscanf("1,2,3", "p,iii", var0, var1, var2);
Is now:
sscanf("1,2,3", "p<,>iii", var0, var1, var2);
The old version will still work, but it will give a warning. Enum specifications can include delimiters, and is the only time <>
s are contained in other <>
s:
sscanf("1 12.0 Bob,c", "e<ifp<,>s[32]c>", var);
Note that the delimiter will remain in effect after the enum is complete. You can even use >
as a specifier by doing p<\>>
(or the older p>
).
When used with strings, the collection behaviour is overruled. Most specifiers are still space delimited, so for example this will work:
sscanf("1 2 3", "p<;>iii", var0, var1, var2);
Despite the fact that there are no ;
s. However, strings will ONLY use the specified delimiters, so:
sscanf("hello 1", "p<->s[32]i", str, var);
Will NOT work - the variable str
will contain hello 1
. On the other hand, the example from earlier, slightly modified:
sscanf("hello there>27", "p<>>s[32]i", str, var);
WILL work and will give an output of:
hello there
27
You can now have optional delimiters using P
(upper case p
to match other optional
specifiers). These are optional in the sense that you specify multiple delimiters and any one of them can be used to end the next symbol:
sscanf("(4, 5, 6, 7)", "P<(),>{s[2]}iiii", a, b, c, d);
This uses a quiet section
to ignore anything before the first (
, and then uses multiple delimiters to end all the text. Example:
sscanf("42, 43; 44@", "P<,;@>a<i>[3]", arr);
EVERY format specifier (that is, everything except ''
, {}
and p
) now has an optional equivalent - this is just their letter capitalised. In addition to optional specifiers, there are also now default values:
sscanf("", "I(12)", var);
The ()
s (round brackets) contain the default value for the optional integer and, as the main string has no data, the value of var
becomes 12
. Default values come before array sizes and after specifications, so an optional array would look like:
sscanf("1 2", "A<i>(3)[4]", arr);
Note that the size of the array is 4
and the default value is 3
. There are also two values which are defined, so the final value of arr
is:
1, 2, 3, 3
Array default values are clever, the final value of:
sscanf("", "A<i>(3,6)[4]", arr);
Will be:
3, 6, 9, 12
The difference between 3
and 6
is 3
, so the values increase by that every index. Note that it is not very clever, so:
sscanf("", "A<i>(1,2,2)[4]", arr);
Will produce:
1, 2, 2, 2
The difference between 2
and 2
(the last 2 numbers in the default) is 0, so there will be no further increase. For l
(logical) arrays, the value is always the same as the last value, as it is with g
if the last value is one of the special values (INFINITY, NEG_INFINITY (same as -INFINITY), NAN or NAN_E). Note that:
sscanf("", "a<I>(1,2,2)[4]", arr);
Is invalid syntax, the A
must be the capital part.
Enums can also be optional:
sscanf("4", "E<ifs[32]c>(1, 12.0, Bob, c)", var);
In that code all values except 4
will be default. Also, again, you can escape commas with \\
in default enum strings. Some final examples:
sscanf("1", "I(2)I(3)I(4)", var0, var1, var2);
sscanf("", "O(045)H(0xF4)B(0b0100)U(Y_Less)", octnum, hexnum, binnum, user);
sscanf("0xFF", "N(0b101)");
That last example is of a specifier not too well described yet - the number
specifier, which will work out the format of the number from the leading characters (0x, 0b, 0 or nothing). Also note that the second example has changed - see the next section.
The u
, q
, and r
specifiers search for a user by name or ID. The method of this search has changed in the latest versions of sscanf
.
Additionally U
, Q
, and R
used to take a name or ID as their default value - this has since been changed to JUST a number, and sscanf will not try and determine if this number is online:
Previous:
sscanf(params, "U(Y_Less)", id);
if (id == INVALID_PLAYER_ID)
{
// Y_Less or the entered player is not connected.
}
New:
sscanf(params, "U(-1)", id);
if (id == -1)
{
// No player was entered.
}
else if (id == INVALID_PLAYER_ID)
// Entered player is not connected.
}
See the section on options for more details.
Users can now optionally return an ARRAY of users instead of just one. This array is just a list of matched IDs, followed by INVALID_PLAYER_ID
. Given the following players:
0) Y_Less
1) [CLAN]Y_Less
2) Jake
3) Alex
4) Hass
This code:
new ids[3], i;
if (sscanf("Le", "?<MATCH_NAME_PARTIAL=1>u[3]", ids)) printf("Error in input");
for (i = 0; ids[i] != INVALID_PLAYER_ID; ++i)
{
if (ids[i] == cellmin)
{
printf("Too many matches");
break;
}
printf("id = %d", ids[i]);
}
if (i == 0) printf("No matching players found.");
Will output:
id = 0
id = 1
Too many matches
Searching Les
instead will give:
id = 0
id = 1
And searching without MATCH_NAME_PARTIAL
will give:
No matching players found.
Basically, if an array of size N
is passed, this code will return the first N-1 results. If there are less than N
players whose name matches the given name then that many players will be returned and the next slot will be INVALID_PLAYER_ID
to indicate the end of the list. On the other hand if there are MORE than N - 1
players whose name matches the given pattern, then the last slot will be cellmin
to indicate this fact.
When combined with U
and returning the default, the first slot is always exactly the default value (even if that's not a valid connected player) and the next slot is always INVALID_PLAYER_ID
.
Note also that user arrays can't be combined with normal arrays or enums, but normal single-return user specifiers still can be.
Just like with array sizes you can use *
to pass an additional variable for the default, so you can do:
sscanf(params, "I(*)", INVALID_ID, output);
As with arrays the default value comes before the output value in the parameter list. When combined with [*]
the order is default, then size, then output:
sscanf(params, "A<i>(*)[*]", DEFAULT_VALUE, ARRAY_SIZE, output);
String defaults can use \
to escape )
or *
within them if you want a string to contain those values.
However, currently neither arrays nor strings use the value from the *
parameter, but both will still skip the parameter.
The latest version of sscanf adds a new k
specifier to allow you to define your own specifers in PAWN:
sscanf(params, "uk<playerstate>", playerid, state);
k<playerstate>
allows you to type a number or the textual name of a player state. To convert this string name to a value we need a conversion function:
@kustom() playerstate(string[])
{
if ('0' <= string[0] <= '9')
{
new
ret = strval(string);
if (0 <= ret <= 9)
{
return ret;
}
}
else if (!strcmp(string, "PLAYER_STATE_NONE")) return 0;
else if (!strcmp(string, "PLAYER_STATE_ONFOOT")) return 1;
else if (!strcmp(string, "PLAYER_STATE_DRIVER")) return 2;
else if (!strcmp(string, "PLAYER_STATE_PASSENGER")) return 3;
else if (!strcmp(string, "PLAYER_STATE_WASTED")) return 7;
else if (!strcmp(string, "PLAYER_STATE_SPAWNED")) return 8;
else if (!strcmp(string, "PLAYER_STATE_SPECTATING")) return 9;
}
The code above, when added to the top level of your mode, will add the playerstate
specifier used in k<playerstate>
. With this a user can either type a number or the full name of a state and the function will convert the name or number to a number.
This system supports optional custom specifiers (K
) with no additional PAWN code. This optional kustom specifier takes a default value that is NOT (as of sscanf 2.8) parsed by the given callback:
sscanf(params, "uK<playerstate>(0)", playerid, state);
So in this example 999
is NOT a valid vehicle model, but if no other value is supplied then 999 will be returned, allowing you to differentiate between the user entering an invalid vehicle and not entering anything at all:
K<vehicle>(999)
The new version of sscanf2.inc
includes functions for k<weapon>
and k<vehicle>
allowing you to enter either the ID or name and get the ID back, but both are VERY basic at the moment and I expect other people will improve on them.
Note that custom specifiers always take a string input and always return a number, but this can be a Float, bool, or any other single cell tag type.
Also as of sscanf 2.8, k
can be used in both arrays and enums. Prior to sscanf 2.13.3 @kustom()
was SSCANF:
; this is bad for many reasons but the old version still works of course (because backwards compatibility is important).
sscanf 2.10.0 introduced colours in addition to normal hex numbers. They are parsed almost identically, but have slightly more constraints on their forms. Colours must be HEX values exactly 3, 6, or 8 digits long. 3 digit numbers are as in CSS - #RGB
becomes 0xRRGGBBAA
with default alpha, 6 digit numbers are already 0xRRGGBBAA
with default alpha, 8 digit numbers are the full colour with alpha. The default default alpha is 255
(FF
), but this can be changed with the SSCANF_ALPHA
option; for example setting the default alpha to AA
would be ?<SSCANF_ALPHA=170>
. Why do they use m
, not some sane letter? Simple - all the good descriptive letters were already used.
The different lengths have slightly different semantics in what is accepted, to reduce the changes of incorrect values being parsed. You can also customise exactly which input types you accept with the SSCANF_COLOUR_FORMS
option.
A 3-digit hex value MUST be prefixed with #
as in CSS, and each component is multiplied by 0x11
to give the final component value. #FAB
would become 0xFFAABBFF
, #123
would become 0x112233FF
, 000
would be rejected because there is no #
.
A 6-digit hex colour MAY be prefixed by #
as in CSS, but doesn't have to be; it can also be prefixed by 0x
or nothing at all. #123456
, 0x123456
, and 123456
are all the same value, all valid, and will all give an output of 0x123456FF
with the default alpha value. Furthermore, a 6-digit hex value may be optionally enclosed in {}
s - {8800DD}
is valid, but no other length in {}
s are valid.
More valid examples:
FFFFFF
0x000000
0x010101
#EEEEEE
{000000}
More invalid examples:
FFFFFFF
- 7 digits0x00000
- 5 digits#EEEE
- 4 digits{}
- 0 digits{BBB}
- 3 digits, but not#
prefix{12345678}
- 8 digits, but inside{}
s`{123456
- 6 digits, but no closing}
.
8-digit colours are the simplest - the alpha is specified explicitly and there are only two possible input forms - 0x
prefix and no prefix. I.e. either 0x88995566
or 88995566
.
The latest version of sscanf introduces several options that can be used to customise the way in which sscanf operates. There are two ways of setting these options - globally and locally:
SSCANF_Option(SSCANF_QUIET, 1);
This sets the SSCANF_QUIET
option globally. Every time sscanf
is called the option (see below) will be in effect. Note that the use of SSCANF_QUIET
instead of the string "SSCANF_QUIET"
is entirely valid here - all the options are defined in the sscanf2 include already (but you can use the string if you want).
Alternatively you can use ?
to specify an option locally - i.e. only for the current sscanf call:
sscanf(params, "si", str, num);
sscanf(params, "?<SSCANF_QUIET=1>si", str, num);
sscanf(params, "si", str, num);
s
without a length is wrong, and the first and last sscanf
calls will give an error in the console, but the second one won't as for just that one call prints have been disabled. The following code disables prints globally then enables them locally:
SSCANF_Option(SSCANF_QUIET, 1);
sscanf(params, "si", str, num);
sscanf(params, "?<SSCANF_QUIET=0>si", str, num);
sscanf(params, "si", str, num);
Note that disabling prints is a VERY bad idea when developing code as you open yourself up to unreported buffer overflows when no length is specified on strings.
To specify multiple options requires multiple calls:
SSCANF_Option(SSCANF_QUIET, 1);
SSCANF_Option(MATCH_NAME_PARTIAL, 0);
sscanf(params, "?<SSCANF_QUIET=1>?<MATCH_NAME_PARTIAL=0>s[10]i", str, num);
You can also read the current value of an option by ommitting the second parameter:
new quiet = SSCANF_Option(SSCANF_QUIET);
The options are:
The behaviour of U
, Q
, and R
have been changed to take any number as a default, instead of a connected player. Setting OLD_DEFAULT_NAME
to 1
will revert to the old version.
Currently sscanf will search for players by name, and will ALWAYS search for player whose name STARTS with the specified string. If someone types Y_Less
, sscanf will not find say [CLAN]Y_Less
because there name doesn't start with the specified text. This option, when set to 1, will search ANYWHERE in the player's name for the given string.
Whatever the value of MATCH_NAME_PARTIAL
, the first found player will always be returned, so if you do a search for _
on an RP server, you could get almost anyone. To detect this case, if more than one player will match the specified string then sscanf will return an ID of cellmin
instead. This can be combined with U
for a lot more power:
sscanf(params, "?<CELLMIN_ON_MATCHES=1>U(-1)", id);
if (id == -1)
{
// No player was entered.
}
else if (id == cellmin)
{
// Multiple matches found
}
else if (id == INVALID_PLAYER_ID)
{
// Entered player is not connected.
}
else
{
// Found just one player.
}
Don't print any errors to the console. REALLY not recommended unless you KNOW your code is stable and in production.
As with U
, K
used to require a valid identifier as the default and would parse it using the specified callback, so this would NOT work:
K<vehicle>(Veyron)
Because that is not a valid vehicle name in GTA. The new version now JUST takes a number and returns that regardless:
K<vehicle>(9999)
This setting reverts to the old behaviour.
Specify the default alpha value for colours (m
) which don't manually specify an alpha channel. The alpha values are specified as a DECIMAL number, NOT a HEX number, so setting an alpha of 0x80
would be:
SSCANF_Option(SSCANF_ALPHA, 128);
There are multiple valid colour input formats, which you can enable or disable here. The parameter is a bit map (flags) for all the following values:
1
-#RGB
2
-#RRGGBB
4
-0xRRGGBB
8
-RRGGBB
16
-{RRGGBB}
32
-0xRRGGBBAA
64
-RRGGBBAA
So to ONLY accept SA:MP SendClientMessage
colours use:
SSCANF_Option(SSCANF_COLOUR_FORMS, 16);
To only accept 8-digit values use:
SSCANF_Option(SSCANF_COLOUR_FORMS, 96);
Default values (those specified between ()
s for M
) ignore this setting - they can always use any form.
Specify whether the returned colour is ARGB
or RGBA
:
SSCANF_Option(SSCANF_ARGB, 1); // Set 3- and 6-digit colour outputs to `AARRGGBB`.
SSCANF_Option(SSCANF_ARGB, 0); // Set 3- and 6-digit colour outputs to `RRGGBBAA` (default).
Will return the first match to a name input, instead of the best. So if there are players Bob255
and Bob7
, and the input is Bob
, then the result will depend on ID order. This matches the old behaviour.
Use the same text similarity metrics as in kustom matchers to find the best name match to a given input. The value given is the cutoff threshold for matches. A value of -1
disables this setting:
sscanf("Y_Lass", "?<MATCH_NAME_SIMILARITY=0.3>u", id);
Will probably find Y_Less
as the closest matching name. A similarity of 1.0
would return only exact matches; a similarity of 0.0
will always return something, even if the input is total gibberish. When set (i.e. not -1
) this option overrides MATCH_NAME_PARTIAL
, but works well with all the other name matching options. This is the only float option, and so needs a tag override to read:
new Float:similarity = Float:SSCANF_Option(MATCH_NAME_SIMILARITY);
For quick reference, here is a list of ALL the specifiers and their use:
Format | Use |
---|---|
A<type>(default)[length] |
Optional array of given type |
a<type>[length] |
Array of given type |
B(binary) |
Optional binary number |
b |
Binary number |
C(character) |
Optional character |
c |
Character |
D(integer) |
Optional integer |
d |
Integer |
E<specification>(default) |
Optional enumeration of given layout |
e<specification> |
Enumeration of given layout |
F(float) |
Optional floating point number |
f |
Floating point number |
G(float/INFINITY/-INFINITY/NAN/NAN_E) |
Optional float with IEEE definitions |
g |
Float with IEEE definitions |
H(hex value) |
Optional hex number |
h |
Hex number |
I(integer) |
Optional integer |
i |
Integer |
K<callback>(any format number) |
Optional custom operator |
k<callback> |
Custom operator |
L(true/false) |
Optional logical truthity |
l |
Logical truthity |
M(hex value) |
Optional colour |
m |
Colour |
N(any format number) |
Optional number |
n |
Number |
O(octal value) |
Optional octal value |
o |
Octal value |
P<delimiters> |
Multiple delimiters change |
p<delimiter> |
Delimiter change |
Q(any format number) |
Optional bot (bot) |
q |
Bot (bot) |
R(any format number) |
Optional player (player) |
r |
Player (player) |
S(string)[length] |
Optional string |
s[length] |
String |
U(any format number) |
Optional user (bot/player) |
u |
User (bot/player) |
X(hex value) |
Optional hex number |
x |
Hex number |
Z(string)[length] |
Optional packed string |
z[length] |
Packed string |
'string' |
Search string |
{ |
Open quiet section |
} |
Close quiet section |
% |
Deprecated optional specifier prefix |
? |
Local options specifier |
The main sscanf function.
An alternate name for the main sscanf
function, since the sscanf format specifiers do not conform
to the C API of the same name.
Set an option.
Get an option.
Set an option explicitly (no overloaded SSCANF_Option
call).
Get an option explicitly (no overloaded SSCANF_Option
call).
Get the SSCANF plugin version as a string (e.g. "2.11.2"
). Compare to the macro SSCANF_VERSION_STRING
.
Get the SSCANF plugin version as binary coded decimal (BCD) number (e.g. 0x021003
). Compare to the macro SSCANF_VERSION_BCD
.
Get the SSCANF plugin version as a string explicitly (no overloaded SSCANF_Version
call).
Get the SSCANF plugin version as BCD explicitly (no overloaded SSCANF_Version
call).
Computes the Levenshtein Distance between the two input strings. Useful in k
callback functions to determine if the entered string is close to a possible string.
This works out the similarity between two strings. The Levenshtein distance often produces results that seem weird to people, for example by that measure NRG
is closer to TUG
than NRG-500
. Instead this function uses various other (unfixed) algorithms; currently comparing all pairs of letters between the two strings to work out what percentage of each string is in the other string, then multiplying the results to get the final similarity. This algorithm produces much more human sane results, and can handle things like ls police
matchingPolice Car (LSPD)
. It ignores all punctuation and case as well.
SSCANF_GetClosestString(const input[], const candidates[][], threshold = cellmax, count = sizeof (candidates));
Takes an input string and an array of string possibilities (candidates) and returns the index of the string closest to the input string. If no valid match is found, -1
is returned. Note that this will always return the closest, even if the closest is not that close; which is why an optional threshold
parameter is available. When this parameter is provided the closest match must be closer in Levenshtein distance than the threshold, otherwise again -1
is returned. Deprecated in favour of SSCANF_GetSimilarString
.
SSCANF_GetClosestValue(const input[], const candidates[][], const results[], fail = cellmin, threshold = cellmax, count = sizeof (candidates), check = sizeof (results));
Similar to SSCANF_GetClosestString
in that it searches the candidates
array for the string most closely matching the input
and bounded by threshold
. But instead of returning the index this function returns the value in the second results
array at that index; and instead of returning -1
on failure it returns the value of fail
. The two arrays must match in size and an assert
in the function checks for this. Deprecated in favour of SSCANF_GetSimilarValue
.
SSCANF_GetSimilarString(const input[], const candidates[][], Float:threshold = 0.111111, count = sizeof (candidates));
Like SSCANF_GetClosestString
, but using a more human-friendly text comparison function.
SSCANF_GetSimilarValue(const input[], const candidates[][], const results[], fail = cellmin, Float:threshold = 0.111111, count = sizeof (candidates), check = sizeof (results));
Like SSCANF_GetClosestValue
, but using a more human-friendly text comparison function.
The SSCANF include version as a string.
The SSCANF include version as BCD, as a stock const
variable.
The SSCANF include version as BCD, as a const
to work at compile-time.
Exclude the default k<vehicle>
kustom specifier from being compiled when this is defined before including the include file.
Exclude the default k<weapon>
kustom specifier from being compiled when this is defined before including the include file.
Several sscanf features, such as file and line numbers in errors, only work on the new compiler. If you want to use the old compiler you'll get an error because those nice features won't work. If you want to compile anyway without those features you need to define this symbol before inclusion.
I've written some (extendable) macros so you can do:
extract params -> new a, string:b[32], Float:c; else
{
return SendClientMessage(playerid, COLOUR_RED, "FAIL!");
}
This will compile as:
new a, string:b[32], Float:c;
if (unformat(params, "is[32]f", a, b, c))
{
return SendClientMessage(playerid, COLOUR_RED, "FAIL!");
}
Note that unformat
is the same as sscanf
, also note that the SendClientMessage
part is optional:
extract params -> new a, string:b[32], Float:c;
Will simply compile as:
new a, string:b[32], Float:c;
unformat(params, "is[32]f", a, b, c);
Basically it just simplifies sscanf a little bit (IMHO). I like new operators and syntax, hence this, examples:
// An int and a float.
extract params -> new a, Float:b;
// An int and an OPTIONAL float.
extract params -> new a, Float:b = 7.0;
// An int and a string.
extract params -> new a, string:s[32];
// An int and a playerid.
extract params -> new a, player:b;
As I say, the syntax is extendable, so to add hex numbers you would do:
#define hex_EXTRO:%0##%1,%2|||%3=%9|||%4,%5) EXTRY:%0##%1H"("#%9")"#,%2,%3|||%4|||%5)
#define hex_EXTRN:%0##%1,%2|||%3|||%4,%5) EXTRY:%0##%1h,%2,%3|||%4|||%5)
#define hex_EXTRW:%0##%1,%2|||%3[%7]|||%4,%5) EXTRY:%0##%1a<h>[*],%2,(%7),%3|||%4|||%5)
That will add the tag hex
to the system. Yes, the lines look complicated (because they are), but the ONLY things you need to change are the name before the underscore and the letter near the middle (H
, h
and a<h>
in the examples above for optional
, required
and required array
(no optional arrays yet besides strings)).
New examples (with hex
added):
// A hex number and a player.
extract params -> new hex:a, player:b;
// 32 numbers then 32 players.
extract params -> new a[32], player:b[32];
// 11 floats, an optional string, then an optional hex number.
extract params -> new Float:f[11], string:s[12] = "optional", hex:end = 0xFF;
The code is actually surprisingly simple (I developed another new technique to simplify my tag
macros and it paid off big style here). By default Float
, string
, player
and _
(i.e. no tag) are supported, and their individual letter definitions take up the majority of the code as demonstrated with the hex
addition above. Note that string:
is now used extensively in my code to differentiate from tagless arrays in cases like this, it is removed automatically but player:
and hex:
are not so you may wish to add:
#define player:
#define hex:
To avoid tag mismatch warnings (to remove them AFTER the compiler has used them to determine the correct specifier).
The very first example had an else
, this will turn:
unformat(params, "ii", a, b);
In to:
if (unformat(params, "ii", a, b))
You MUST put the else
on the same line as extract
for it to be detected, but then you can use normal single or multi-line statements. This is to cover common command use cases, you can even leave things on the same line:
else return SendClientMessage(playerid, 0xFF0000AA, "Usage: /cmd <whatever>");
There is now the ability to split by things other than space (i.e. adds P<?>
to the syntax - updated from using p
to P
):
extract params<|> -> new a, string:b[32], Float:c;
Will simply compile as:
new a, string:b[32], Float:c;
unformat(params, "P<|>is[32]f", a, b, c);
Note that for technical reasons you can use <->
(because it looks like the arrow after the extract
keyword). You also can't use <;>
, <,>
, or <)>
because of a bug with #
, but you can use any other character (most notably <|>
, as is popular with SQL scripts). I'm thinking of adding enums and existing variables (currently you HAVE to declare new variables), but not right now.
A lot of the code uses a concept of "similarity" when comparing two strings. This is less accurate, but thus more forgiving, than an exact string comparison. For example if a player types nrg
they probably mean the NRG-500
bike, and if they type mac10
they probably mean the Mac 10
gun. Using standard comparisons these inputs would never match, and using the common "Levenshtein Distance" (as old versions of the code did) can produce some strange results. For example typing NRG
as a vehicle input will return TUG
using Levenshtein, because converting NRG
to TUG
only requires three replacements, whereas converting NRG
to NRG-500
requires four additions, thus is technically further away despite being more similar to a person.
Thus the new version of sscanf uses a "similarity" metric instead of a "distance" metric to work out which strings are probably the same. This is used by the k<vehicle>
and k<weapon>
pre-defined custom specifiers, and for the MATCH_NAME_SIMILARITY
option used with u
, r
, and q
(i.e. for names). The algorithm is roughly based on one of "Bigram Similarity":
-
Split the two input strings up in to letter pairs, ignoring punctuation and spaces. For example
"Shotty"
becomes"sh", "ho", "ot", "tt", "ty"
and"Combat Shotgun"
becomes"co", "om", "mb", "ba", "at", "ts", "sh", "ho", "ot", "tg", "gu", "un"
. -
For each pair of letters from the first word, count how many of them appear in the second word. For example
"Combat Shotgun"
contains"sh", "ho", "ot"
from"Shotty"
, 3/5 (60%) of the available letter pairs. -
Repeat in the reverse, so
"Shotty"
contains"sh", "ho", "ot"
from"Combat Shotgun"
, 3/12 (25%) of the available letter pairs (the fact that the two result lists are the same here is pure fluke and irrelevant). -
Invert the fractions to get the percentage of pairs not in the other word, multiply the two numbers, and subtract from
1.0
to give the final result. So for the example above:
similarity = 1 - ((1 - 60%) * (1 - 25%))
similarity = 1 - (0.4 * 0.75)
similarity = 1 - 0.3
similarity = 0.7
A similarity is always between 0.0
(totally different) and 1.0
(absolutely identical), and many functions will return the string from a list with the highest similarity. So k<vehicle>
will find the vehicle with the best similarity to the given input. However, this doesn't always make sense. If the input is "dkaoiingsjk"
, that is obviously not any sane vehicle, but it still has a similarity rating to every vehicle name; the ratings will be very low, but one must be the highest (it is the "Sandking"
, with a similarity rating of 0.228571
). Just calling the similarity functions blindly will thus always return a result, even if that result is gibberish, thus the functions also optionally accept a threshold, a similarity value that the result must be better than. So for the above example passing a threshold of 0.5
would result in no valid vehicle being returned.
If you get this error, DO NOT just download the dll from a random website. This is part of the Microsoft Visual Studio Redistributable Package
. This is required for many programs, but they often come with it. Download it here:
http://www.microsoft.com/download/en...s.aspx?id=5555
If you get this error, you need to make sure that you have recompiled ALL your scripts using the LATEST version of sscanf2.inc
. Older versions didn't really require this as they only had two natives - sscanf
and unformat
, the new version has some other functions - you don't need to worry about them, but you must use sscanf2.inc
so that they are correctly called. If you think you have done this and STILL get the error then try again - make sure you are using the correct version of PAWNO for example.
This error comes up when people try and put too much data in to a string. For example:
new str[10];
sscanf("Hello there, how are you?", "s[10]", str);
That code will try and put the string Hello there, how are you?
in to the variable called str
. However, str
is only 10 cells big and can thus only hold the string Hello ther
(with a NULL terminator). In this case, the rest of the data is ignored - which could be good or bad:
new str[10], num;
sscanf("Hello there you|42", "p<|>s[10]i", str, num);
In this case num
is still correctly set to 42
, but the warning is given for lost data (e you
).
Currently there is nothing you can do about this from a programming side (you can't even detect it - that is a problem I intend to address), as long as you specify how much data a user should enter this will simply discard the excess, or make the destination variable large enough to handle all cases.
A specifier such as:
a<I(5)>[10]
Has been written - here indicating an array of optional integers all with the default value 5
. Instead you should use:
A<i>(5)[10]
This is an optional array of integers all with the default value 5
, the advantage of this is that arrays can have multiple defaults:
A<i>(5, 6)[10]
That will set the array to 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
by default, incrementing by the found difference each time.
Similar to the previous warning, A specifier such as:
e<I(5)f>
Is invalid, instead use:
E<if>(42, 11.0)
This forces ALL the parts of an enum to be optional - anything less is not possible.
This is not allowed:
sscanf(params, "a<a<i>[5]>[10]", arr);
A work-around can be done using:
sscanf(params, "a<i>[50]", arr[0]);
That will correctly set up the pointers for the system.
This is not allowed (see the section on search strings):
a<'hello'i>[10]
This is not allowed:
a<p<,>i>[10]
Instead use:
p<,>a<i>[10]
This is not allowed:
a<{i}>[10]
Instead use:
{a<i>[10]}
The given specifier is not known (this post contains a full list of all the specifiers near the bottom).
An optional specifier has been set as (for example):
I()
Instead of:
I(42)
This does not apply to strings as they can be legitimately empty.
You have a default value on an optional specifier that looks like:
I(42
Instead of:
I(42)
You have no default value on an optional specifier:
I
Instead of:
I(42)
You are using the old style:
p,
Instead of:
p<,>
Alternatively a custom delimiter of:
p<
Was found with no matching >
after one character. Instead use:
p<,>
Or, if you really do want a delimiter of <
then use:
p<<>
Note that this does not need to be escaped; however, a delimiter of >
does:
p<\>>
The \
may also need to be escaped when writing actual PAWN strings, leading to:
p<\\>>
This also applies to array types (a<
vs a<i>
), and will result in an invalid array type.
The format specifier just ends with:
p
This also applies to array types (a
vs a<i>
).
A string has been written as:
s[10
Instead of:
s[10]
I.e. the length has not been closed.
An invalid array or string size has been specified (0, negative, or not a number).
A string or array has been given a length that is not a number.
Arrays are newer than strings, so never had an implementation not requiring a length, so there is no compatibility problems in REQUIRING a length to be given.
You have tried writing something like this:
{i{x}}
This has a quiet section ({}
) inside another one, which makes no sense.
}
was found with no corresponding {
:
i}
This is caused by specifiers such as:
{fe<i}x>
Where the quiet section is started before the enum, but finishes part way through it rather than after it. This can be emulated by:
{f}e<{i}x>
Basically, you can't do:
e<fa<i>[5]f>
You can, however, still do:
e<fiiiiif>
This is a little more awkward, but is actually more technically correct given how enums are compiled.
A specifier starts a string with '
, but doesn't close it:
i'hello
format
uses code such as %d
, sscanf only needs d
, and confusingly the C equivalent function (also called sscanf
) DOES require %
. Sorry.
Default values for arrays can be partially specified and the remainder will be inferred from the pattern of the last two:
A<i>(0, 1)[10]
That specifier will default to the numbers 0
to 9
. However, because enums have a mixture of types, all the default values for E
must ALWAYS be specified:
E<iiff>(0, 1, 0.0, 1.0)
This will not do:
E<iiff>(0, 1)
The ?
specifier for local options must appear outside any other specifier.
An option was specified with no value:
?<OLD_DEFAULT_NAME>
The given option was not recognised. Check spelling and case:
?<NOT_A_VALID_NAME=1>
A k
specifier has been used, but the corresponding function could not be found. If you think it is there check the spelling matches exactly - including the case.
You edited something in the sscanf2 include - undo it or redownload it.
You somehow managed to call SetPlayerName
without passing all the parameters. This can only happen by redefining the native declaration itself, so undo any edits to it.
sscanf
itself was called without sufficient parameters. I.e. the input and specifier strings are missing. This can also happen when you edit the include itself to mess with the file/line macros.
You somehow managed to call SetPlayerName
without passing all the parameters. This can only happen by redefining the native declaration itself, so undo any edits to it.
There are two ways to trigger this: The first is to have another copy of sscanf
defined before you include the file. This used to be the only known way to trigger this error, so the error said:
sscanf (possibly the PAWN version) already defined.
However, there is a second way to trigger it - using sscanf
before including it. This used to be possible, but isn't any more as sscanf
is now a macro that inserts additional data in to the call. So this will fail:
#include <a_samp>
main()
{
sscanf("hi", "hi");sscanf (possibly the PAWN version) already defined.
}
#include <sscanf2>
To fix this, just include <sscanf2>
before you use sscanf
.
These are the same error, the only difference being compilers and settings. Obviously the more useful (second) error which tells you how to solve this problem. Similar to the previous error this happens when sscanf
is used before being included, but in a slightly different way:
#include <a_samp>
main()
{
#if defined sscanf
sscanf("hi", "hi");
#endif
}
#include <sscanf2>
This code tries to be slightly clever, but fails. The correct way to check for sscanf inclusion is:
#if !defined _INC_SSCANF
#error You need sscanf
#endif
There is a third version of this error which looks like:
error 004: function "sscanf" is not implemented <library>sscanf</library> <remarks> The main entry point. See the readme for vast amounts of information on how to call this function and all the details on what it does. This is a macro that calls <c>SSCANF__</c> and passes the current file and line number as well for improved error messages. </remarks>
For more information on why, see this compiler issue.
When loading sscanf as a component on open.mp the Pawn component is also required. Ensure pawn.dll
or pawn.so
is in the components/
directory.
The open.mp sscanf component was probably built against an old version of the SDK. Check for an updated version at https://www.github.com/Y-Less/sscanf/.
When compiling a script with the open.mp official includes the sscanf2 include file compiles different code, which assumes that the natives will be loaded as a component. This error comes when the natives are loaded as a plugin instead, as certain features like SSCANF_Init
are no longer required in the component case. Move sscanf.dll
or sscanf.so
from the plugins/
directory to the components/
directory and remove the legacy plugin name from plugins
(in server.cfg) or pawn.legacy_plugins
(in config.json).
The currently used specifiers are:
abcdefghiklmnopqrsuxz
This leaves only the following specifiers:
jtvwy
t
is for time - some sort of date/time processing that returns a unix timestamp.y
is for "YID" - the YSI user ID. Don't use YSI? Tough.v
I figure is for something to do with varargs, similar toa
but for extra parameters.j
no idea yet.w
is the most important one to reserve - it is for extended specifiers. Since there are so few left it is important to establish future compatibility. Thusw
is a prefix that indicates that the following specifier has an alternate meaning. Soi
is "integer" butwi
is something else entirely (don't know what yet). This scheme does recurse endlessly sowwi
andwwwwwi
are also different. In this way we will never run out and can start adding support for more obscure items like iterators and jagged arrays (the original idea forj
). There's also a suggestion for this aswords
-w<5>
for five words, but I think that makes sense as an extension tos
.
Alternates are a feature added in sscanf 3 but not yet back-ported. The symbol is |
and if one fails to match another one is tried. The selected branch is returned in the very first destination parameter, the remaining specifiers are all in order:
if (sscanf(input, "'clothes'i|'weapon'ii", alternate, clothes, weapon, ammo) == 0)
{
switch (alternate)
{
case 0:
{
// Clothes.
printf("Clothes = %d", clothes);
}
case 1:
{
// Weapohn.
printf("Weapon = %d, %d", weapon, ammo);
}
}
}
Variables can be reused and won't be clobbered:
sscanf(input, "?<SSCANF_COLOUR_FORMS=2>m|x", alternate, colour, colour);
if (alternate == 0)
{
printf("You entered colour #%06x", colour);
}
else
{
printf("You entered colour %06x", colour);
}
Note that the branches must be mutually exclusive in some way. If they overlap you may never get a later one. Also variables from branches not taken may be clobbered in any way, so don't rely on their values at all.
More of these: nested arrays in enums, 2d/3d arrays, strings in enums and arrays, etc.
Basically pre-defining specifier strings for use later:
new Specifier:spec = SSCANF_Compile("is[32]");
SSCANF_Run(input, spec, int, string);
You could define the base sscanf
as:
sscanf(const input, const specifier, ...)
{
return SSCANF_Run(input, SSCANF_Compile(specifier), ___(2));
}
If you want to compile sscanf for yourself.
You can clone the code using github. Note that there are multiple submodules involved, so you are best using a recursive checkout:
git clone --recursive https://github.com/Y-Less/sscanf/
Note the use of the --recursive
argument, because this repository contains submodules. A useful setting when cloning recursive repos is:
git config --global url."[email protected]:".insteadOf "https://github.com/"
Which allows you to push https://
repos you have permissions on.
mkdir build
cd build
cmake .. -A Win32 -T ClangCL
Open Visual Studio and build the solution.
mkdir build
cd build
# May need to configure this line.
export CC=/usr/lib/llvm/13/bin/clang CXX=/usr/lib/llvm/13/bin/clang++
cmake ..
make
Change Debug
to Release
for final versions.
cd docker
.\build.sh
You may need to set up some directories first:
mkdir build
mkdir conan
sudo chown 1000 build
sudo chown 1000 conan
Instead you run the script as root, and target a specific distro:
UBUNTU_VERSION=18.04 sudo .\build.sh
The output is in docker/build/
The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License Version 1.1 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing rights and limitations under the License.
The Original Code is the sscanf 2.0 SA:MP plugin.
The Initial Developer of the Original Code is Alex "Y_Less" Cole. Portions created by the Initial Developer are Copyright (c) 2022 the Initial Developer. All Rights Reserved.
- Cheaterman
- DEntisT
- Emmet_
- karimcambridge
- kalacsparty
- Kirima
- leHeix
- maddinat0r
- Southclaws
- Y_Less
- ziggi
- SA:MP Team past, present, and future.
- maddinat0r, for hosting the repo for a very long time.
- Emmet_, for his efforts in maintaining it for almost a year.
- Fixed a bug where
u
wasn't working correctly after a server restart.
- Allow
k
in arrays. - Allow
k
to consume the rest of the line (like strings) when they are the last specifier.
- Added
[*]
support. - Fixed bracketed lengths (
[(32)]
). - Ported readme to markdown.
- Added
z
andZ
for packed strings (thus officially removing their deprecated optional use). - Remove missing string length warnings - its now purely an error.
- Remove
p,
warnings - its now purely an error.
- Added
m
for colours (ran out of useful letters). - Added file and line details for errors.
- Plugin backwards compatibility with older includes.
- Fix bug in parameter counts.
- Use prehooks in include.
- Export
PawnSScanf
function from dll to other plugins. SSCANF_SetOption()
andSSCANF_GetOption()
for more control of options.SSCANF_VERSION
andSSCANF_Version()
to compare include and plugin versions.- Hide more internal functions.
- Fix the license.
- Fix trailing string literals, to allow
"x'!'"
for example. - Added
SSCANF_VERSION
for compile-time checks.
- Re-added NPC mode support.
- Minor Linux build fixes.
- Added
SSCANF_Levenshtein
for better string candidate processing. - Added
SSCANF_GetClosestString
for better string candidate processing. - Added
SSCANF_GetClosestValue
for better string candidate processing. - Added
SSCANF_NO_K_VEHICLE
to disable the defaultk<vehicle>
specifier code. - Added
SSCANF_NO_K_WEAPON
to disable the defaultk<weapon>
specifier code.
- Documentation comments on all functions via pawndoc.
- Improve some errors caused by using
sscanf
before including it.
- Integrate open.mp component support.
- Switch to a different (semi made-up) word similarity function.
- Added
SSCANF_TextSimilarity
for best string candidate processing. - Added
SSCANF_GetSimilarString
for best string candidate processing. - Added
SSCANF_GetSimilarValue
for best string candidate processing. - Use
OnPlayerNameChange
in the open.mp component code version. - Switch
SSCANF_Levenshtein
internally to use direct AMX access.
- Enable similarity-based name comparisons (
MATCH_NAME_SIMILARITY
). - Return the best matching name by default.
- Add
MATCH_NAME_FIRST
to revert best name match behaviour. - Improve
MATCH_NAME_PARTIAL
. - Internal cleanup and fixes.
- Rebuild for open.mp beta 9 SDK changes.
- Add
@kustom()
decorator for kustom specifiers. - Use subhook to hook
amx_Register
and findSetPlayerName
.
- Update open.mp SDK.
- Added
(*)
for dynamic default values.
- Move builds to CMake.
- Add docker builds.
- Fix
[*]
again.
- Fixed a crash with
[*]
when there aren't enough parameters.
- Improve GDK plugin compatibility.
- "Final" SDK update.