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经济学相关术语的中文翻译

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英文 中文 其他翻译
incomplete information 不完备信息1 不完全信息
connected component2 连通原件 连通分量
empirical 经验的 基于经验的 “实证的”系错误翻译3
business cycle 经济周期 商业周期
real business cycle 实际经济周期 真实经济周期4

Footnotes

  1. 将 (in)complete 翻译成(不)完备的,可以和另一个经济学术语完备度量空间 (complete metric space) 保持一致。

  2. 连通原件可用于刻画 Aumann 不完备信息模型中的共同知识。

  3. (i) 根据牛津词典定义,empirical 的意思是 “based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic”,也就是基于经验的 (ii) 它的名词(empiricism)在中文译作“经验主义”,统计学中的 empirical process 也译作“经验过程” (iii) “实证的”是另一个经济学/哲学术语 positive 的翻译,曼昆《经济学原理》的开头就介绍了什么是实证陈述 (positive statement)。实证陈述描述世界是什么,它对应的是规范陈述;而经验研究对应的则是理论研究。 (iv) 实证研究 (positive studies) 既可以是理论的,也可以是经验的 (empirical)。

  4. 将 real business cycle 中的 real 译成“真实”似乎不妥。中文里“真实”和“实际”都对应英文的 real, 但它们的意思是不同的。比如和 nominal variable (名义量)相对的 real variable 就译作实际量,而不是真实量(名义量不真实么?)

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