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public static Excel.Workbook[] GetOpendLocalWorkbooks()
{
    return GetOpendComObjects<Excel.Workbook>();
}

/// <summary>
/// ファイルモニカを元に取得できるオブジェクトから、指定した型のオブジェクトを探す
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">取得したいCOMの型</typeparam>
/// <returns>型変換に成功したオブジェクト</returns>
public static T[] GetOpendComObjects<T>() where T : class
{
    List<T> ts = new List<T>();
    // OfType<T>は解放のタイミングが難しそう
    foreach (var o in GetRunningObjects(MKSYS.MKSYS_FILEMONIKER))
    {
        T t = o as T;
        if (t != null)
        {
            ts.Add(t);
        }
        else
        {
            Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(o);
        }
    }
    return ts.ToArray();
}

/// <summary>
/// モニカーの種類
/// </summary>
/// <see cref="https://docs.microsoft.com/ja-jp/windows/desktop/api/objidl/ne-objidl-tagmksys"/>
enum MKSYS
{
    MKSYS_NONE,
    MKSYS_GENERICCOMPOSITE,
    MKSYS_FILEMONIKER,
    MKSYS_ANTIMONIKER,
    MKSYS_ITEMMONIKER,
    MKSYS_POINTERMONIKER,
    MKSYS_CLASSMONIKER,
    MKSYS_OBJREFMONIKER,
    MKSYS_SESSIONMONIKER,
    MKSYS_LUAMONIKER
}

/// <summary>
/// Returns a pointer to an implementation of IBindCtx (a bind context object). This object stores information about a particular moniker-binding operation.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="reserved">This parameter is reserved and must be 0.</param>
/// <param name="ppbc">Address of an IBindCtx* pointer variable that receives the interface pointer to the new bind context object. When the function is successful, the caller is responsible for calling Release on the bind context. A NULL value for the bind context indicates that an error occurred.</param>
/// <returns>This function can return the standard return values E_OUTOFMEMORY and S_OK</returns>
/// <see cref="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/api/objbase/nf-objbase-createbindctx"/>
[DllImport("ole32.dll")]
private static extern int CreateBindCtx(uint reserved, out IBindCtx ppbc);

/// <summary>
/// Running Object Table から指定されたモニカのオブジェクトを取得する
/// </summary>
/// <param name="monikerType">モニカの種類</param>
/// <returns>見つかったオブジェクト</returns>
private static object[] GetRunningObjects(MKSYS monikerType)
{
    // Running Object Table を取得する
    const uint reserved = 0;
    IBindCtx ctx;
    CreateBindCtx(reserved, out ctx);

    IRunningObjectTable runningObjectTable;
    ctx.GetRunningObjectTable(out runningObjectTable);

    IEnumMoniker enumMoniker;
    runningObjectTable.EnumRunning(out enumMoniker);
    // ここまではほぼ定型

    enumMoniker.Reset();
    List<object> returnObjects = new List<object>();

    while (true) 
    {
        const int S_OK = 0;

        IMoniker[] tmpMks = new IMoniker[1];
        IntPtr fetched = IntPtr.Zero;
        // bufMonikers の数ずつモニカーを取得
        bool successNext = enumMoniker.Next(tmpMks.Length, tmpMks, fetched) == S_OK;
        if (!successNext)
        {
            break;
        }

        try
        {
            //for Debug
            string dispName;
            tmpMks[0].GetDisplayName(ctx, null,out dispName);
            Debug.WriteLine("DisplayName\t" + dispName);

            Guid clsId;
            tmpMks[0].GetClassID(out clsId);
            Debug.WriteLine(clsId);
            // Debug.WriteLine(Marshal.GetTypeFromCLSID(clsId)); //-> System.__ComObject

            int pdwMksys;
            if (tmpMks[0].IsSystemMoniker(out pdwMksys) != S_OK)
            {
                Debug.WriteLine("not SystemMoniker");
                continue;
            }

            MKSYS mkType = (MKSYS)Enum.ToObject(typeof(MKSYS), pdwMksys);
            Debug.WriteLine(mkType);
            if (mkType != monikerType)
            {
                continue;
            }

            object obj;
            if (runningObjectTable.GetObject(tmpMks[0], out obj) != S_OK)
            {
                continue;
            }
            returnObjects.Add(obj);
        }
        finally
        {
            Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(tmpMks[0]);
        }
    }

    Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(enumMoniker);
    Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(runningObjectTable);
    Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(ctx);

    return returnObjects.ToArray();
}

public static Excel.Workbook[] GetOpendLocalWorkbooks()
{
    return GetOpendComObjects<Excel.Workbook>();
}

/// <summary>
/// ファイルモニカを元に取得できるオブジェクトから、指定した型のオブジェクトを探す
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">取得したいCOMの型</typeparam>
/// <returns>型変換に成功したオブジェクト</returns>
public static T[] GetOpendComObjects<T>() where T : class
{
    List<T> ts = new List<T>();
    // OfType<T>は解放のタイミングが難しそう
    foreach (var o in GetRunningObjects(MKSYS.MKSYS_FILEMONIKER))
    {
        T t = o as T;
        if (t != null)
        {
            ts.Add(t);
        }
        else
        {
            Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(o);
        }
    }
    return ts.ToArray();
}

/// <summary>
/// モニカーの種類
/// </summary>
/// <see cref="https://docs.microsoft.com/ja-jp/windows/desktop/api/objidl/ne-objidl-tagmksys"/>
enum MKSYS
{
    MKSYS_NONE,
    MKSYS_GENERICCOMPOSITE,
    MKSYS_FILEMONIKER,
    MKSYS_ANTIMONIKER,
    MKSYS_ITEMMONIKER,
    MKSYS_POINTERMONIKER,
    MKSYS_CLASSMONIKER,
    MKSYS_OBJREFMONIKER,
    MKSYS_SESSIONMONIKER,
    MKSYS_LUAMONIKER
}

/// <summary>
/// Returns a pointer to an implementation of IBindCtx (a bind context object). This object stores information about a particular moniker-binding operation.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="reserved">This parameter is reserved and must be 0.</param>
/// <param name="ppbc">Address of an IBindCtx* pointer variable that receives the interface pointer to the new bind context object. When the function is successful, the caller is responsible for calling Release on the bind context. A NULL value for the bind context indicates that an error occurred.</param>
/// <returns>This function can return the standard return values E_OUTOFMEMORY and S_OK</returns>
/// <see cref="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/api/objbase/nf-objbase-createbindctx"/>
[DllImport("ole32.dll")]
private static extern int CreateBindCtx(uint reserved, out IBindCtx ppbc);

/// <summary>
/// Running Object Table から指定されたモニカのオブジェクトを取得する
/// </summary>
/// <param name="monikerType">モニカの種類</param>
/// <returns>見つかったオブジェクト</returns>
private static object[] GetRunningObjects(MKSYS monikerType)
{
    // Running Object Table を取得する
    const uint reserved = 0;
    IBindCtx ctx;
    CreateBindCtx(reserved, out ctx);

    IRunningObjectTable runningObjectTable;
    ctx.GetRunningObjectTable(out runningObjectTable);

    IEnumMoniker enumMoniker;
    runningObjectTable.EnumRunning(out enumMoniker);
    // ここまではほぼ定型

    enumMoniker.Reset();
    List<object> returnObjects = new List<object>();

    while (true) 
    {
        const int S_OK = 0;

        IMoniker[] tmpMks = new IMoniker[1];
        IntPtr fetched = IntPtr.Zero;
        // bufMonikers の数ずつモニカーを取得
        bool successNext = enumMoniker.Next(tmpMks.Length, tmpMks, fetched) == S_OK;
        if (!successNext)
        {
            break;
        }

        try
        {
            //for Debug
            string dispName;
            tmpMks[0].GetDisplayName(ctx, null,out dispName);
            Debug.WriteLine("DisplayName\t" + dispName);

            Guid clsId;
            tmpMks[0].GetClassID(out clsId);
            Debug.WriteLine(clsId);
            // Debug.WriteLine(Marshal.GetTypeFromCLSID(clsId)); //-> System.__ComObject

            int pdwMksys;
            if (tmpMks[0].IsSystemMoniker(out pdwMksys) != S_OK)
            {
                Debug.WriteLine("not SystemMoniker");
                continue;
            }

            MKSYS mkType = (MKSYS)Enum.ToObject(typeof(MKSYS), pdwMksys);
            Debug.WriteLine(mkType);
            if (mkType != monikerType)
            {
                continue;
            }

            object obj;
            if (runningObjectTable.GetObject(tmpMks[0], out obj) != S_OK)
            {
                continue;
            }
            returnObjects.Add(obj);
        }
        finally
        {
            Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(tmpMks[0]);
        }
    }

    Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(enumMoniker);
    Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(runningObjectTable);
    Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(ctx);

    return returnObjects.ToArray();
}