Expand the CI to include CUDA set up about clad HOT 3 OPEN

I was wondering what version of cuda and clang is good to support? We can always say we do not support versions older than X if that helps.

from clad.

CUDA 12 supports c++20, but I don't believe any features of it are being used in the codebase, so we can go lower than that.

The first version to support c++17 is CUDA 11. And I've seen in another issue that Kokkos requires c++17, so CUDA 11 could be a good candidate.

If we could do with older versions of c++ (if Kokkos isn't installed) and there's a procedure that is repeated a lot of times (over 100 times f.i.) CUDA graphs, a CUDA 10 feature, may be beneficial. But I doubt that such an example exists.

CUDA 9 offers cooperative groups which could be beneficial, but it should be benchmarked if it is to be a requirement.

Else, CUDA 7 is the oldest version that supports c++11, so this could be an absolute minimum.

Note: CUDA 11 is not supported on a newest OS version

from clad.

I guess the bigger question is which clang versions support what version of CUDA? For example, what is the supported CUDA version by clang-15, clang-16 and clang-17?

from clad.